Fluoride glasses: amplifiers

Neodymium, with the 4F3/2 - 4113/2 transition at 1.3 pm, was the first ion to be investigated for potential fluoride glass amplifiers operating in the second telecommunication window. Although the emitting level can easily be populated by means... 

Figure 44 presents the gain profile over four fluoride glass amplifiers (a) compared to four silica glass amplifiers (b), obtained after sixteen optical equalized carriers, between 1533.7 and 1558.2nm, were injected at the entrance of a transmission system... 

Characteristics of fluoride glass optical amplifiers. All fibers are ZBLAN-based glass except when otherwise indicated. (LD) laser diode ( ) gain obtained with two amplification units. 

An approach to full spectroscopic near-field imaging in the IR range was presented by Michaels et al. [62], whose illumination-mode a-SNOM set-up was based on a Ti sapphire-pumped optical parametric amplifier (OPA) coupled into a tapered fluoride glass optical fiber. The OPA system provides tunable broadband IR radiation with output powers in the miUi Watt range. After passing the thin film sample, the transmitted fight is collected by a Cap2 lens and coupled into a monochromator with a detector array. Broadband illumination with a bandwidth... 

Transmission properties. The recent interest in erbium- (Er +-)doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA) originates from the recognized fact that the optical fiber transmission windows for silica or fluoride glasses (fig. 34) are in tune with the wavelengths of the two Er + transitions I13/2 I15/2 at 1.5 pm, and Ii 1/2 I13/2 at 2.7 pm. 

Table 11.4 characteristics and performance of fluoride glass waveguide amplifiers at 1.53 and 1.05 im. The lifetime written in italic corresponds to the value measured in bulk... 

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