Fluorescence reporters signals

Comparative Analysis of Fluorescence Reporter Signals Based on Intensity, Anisotropy, Time-Resolution,... 

Demchenko AP (2010) Comparative analysis of fluorescence reporter signals based on intensity, anisotropy, time-resolution and wavelength-ratiometry. In Demchenko AP (ed) Advanced Fluorescence Reporters in Chemistry and Biology I. Springer Ser Fluoresc 8 3-24... 

Exciplexes are the excited-state complexes that can be formed by partners of different origin [33]. Their formation on intermolecular interaction can provide a fluorescence reporting signal [28, 34]. The advantage of their formation in high-concentration matrices is the large Stokes shift that, as we will see below, can prohibit the homo-FRET. 

Abstract The response signal of an immense number of fluorescence reporters with a broad variety of structures and properties can be realized through the observation in changes of a very limited number of fluorescence parameters. They are the variations in intensity, anisotropy (or polarization), lifetime, and the spectral changes that allow wavelength-ratiometric detection. Here, these detection methods are overviewed, and specific demands addressed to fluorescence emitters for optimization of their response are discussed. 

Simultaneous application of two emitting reporters allows providing the self-referenced reporter signal based on simple intensity measurements, without application of anisotropy or lifetime sensing that impose stringent requirements on fluorescence reporters. Usually, the two dyes are excited at a single wavelength with the absence or in the presence of interaction between them. 

Some biomolecules can induce spectral changes on NIR dyes. The fluorescence intensity of indocyanine green (ICG) increases in intensity when bound to proteins. 35 An increase in the fluorescence intensity signal of a cyanine dye was reported by... 

The nse of Raman spectroscopy to monitor the reaction of chlorine gas and elemental phosphorous to produce phosphorous trichloride was first reported in 1991 and has been extensively described in patents and journals [67,89-93]. AFT-Raman spectrometer was selected to minimize fluorescence, but signal was... 

The anthracenylmethyl lariat ether shown as (10) was reported by de Silva and coworkers (1986) as a crown that is useful for fluorescence sensing. Binding of K+ resulted in a detectable fluorescence emission signal. Recent advances in this area include the development of compounds that can sense ion pairs. The anthracenyl crown shown as (11) was designed to simultaneously sense sodium and phosphate ions (de Silva, 2003). Excitation of the complex with ultraviolet radiation results in a fluorescent output only when Na+ is complexed in the crown and the ammonium groups are bound to the anion. The complex self-quenches in the case when either no or only one of the ions is present. 

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