Fluidized-bed Technologies

Several patents exist on carrying out exothermic reactions for manufacture of reactive intermediates where high selectivity is essential. Even this author has a patent to make ethylene oxide in a transport line reactor (Berty 1959). Yet no fluidized bed technology is in use today. Mostly fixed bed, cooled tubular reactors are used for that purpose. 

O Brien, T. J., and Syamlal, M Particle cluster effects in the numerical simulation of a circulating fluidized bed, in (A. Avidan, Ed.) Circulating Fluidized Bed Technology IV, Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Circulating Fluidized Beds, Hidden Valley Conference Center and Mountain Resort, August 1-5, 1993, Somerset, PA, (1993). 

Geminox A direct process for converting butane to 1,4-butanediol. The butane is first oxidized in the gas phase to maleic anhydride, using BP s fluidized bed technology. The maleic anhydride is scrubbed with water and then catalytically dehydrogenated to butanediol. Developed in 1994 by BP Chemicals and Lurgi. Modifications of the process can be used to make tetrahydrofiuan and y-butyrolactone. The first plant will probably be built on BP s site at Lima, OH, for completion in 2000. 

MTO [Methanol to olefins] A catalytic process for converting methanol to olefins, mainly propylenes and butenes. Developed by Mobil Research Development Corporation and first demonstrated in 1985. Another version of this process was developed by UOP and Norsk Hydro and has been ran at a demonstration unit at Porsgrunn, Norway, since June 1995. It is based on fluidized bed technology using a SAPO molecular sieve catalyst. It converts 80 percent of the carbon in the feed to ethylene and propylene. 

Fluidized-bed spray coating, 10 272-273 Fluidized-bed technologies, 15 497 Fluid mechanical pressure, 11 740 Fluid mechanics, 11 735-791. See also Flow(s) Fluid motion Rheology computational, 11 777—781 dimensional analysis in,... 

Fluidized bed plants. Some plants use a technology that differs from the scheme shown in Figure 20-3 in that the catalyst moves around with the feed during the reaction rather than staying fixed in the reactor tubes. The design, called fluidized bed technology, uses catalyst in a powdered form that is so mobile that it can be pumped like a liquid or blown like a vapor. 

Kamil, G. and Peterreins, F., Separation of wort production from the rest of the brewing process using fluidized bed technology, Brauwelt, 141 (2001) 1338, 1340-1341. 

Peterreins, F. and Kamil, G., Fluidized bed technology in brewing, German Federal Republic Patent DE20113967U1, 2002a. 

Hersey JA. Fluidized bed technology-an overview. Int J Pharm Tech Prod Manuf 1981 2(3). 

Hersey, J. A. Fluidized bed technology—an overview. Int. J. Pharm. Tech. Prod. Manuf. 2(3) , 1981. 

An extremely effective means of enhancing heat removal from a reactor is to make use of fluidized-bed technology (3). Heat transfer coefficients for gaseous systems are increased to values of around 600 W/m2K or more by virtue of the very efficient convective-regenerative particle transport mechanism of heat transfer. Further... 

Ge, W. and Li, J., Pseudo-particle approach to hydrodynamics of gas/solid two-phase flow, in "Circulating Fluidized Bed Technology V" (J. Li, M. Kwauk, Eds.), pp. 260-265. Science Press, Beijing (1996). 

Reh, L. and Li, J., Measurement of voidage in fluidized beds by optical probe, in "Circulating Fluidized Beds Technology III" (P. Basu, M. Horio, M. Hasatani, Eds.), p. 105. Pergamon Press, Oxford, UK (1991). 

Bader, R., Findlay, J. and Knowlton, T. M. (1988). Gas-Solids Flow Pattern in a 30.5cm Diameter Circulating Fluidized Bed. In Circulating Fluidized Bed Technology II. Ed. Basu and Large. Toronto Pergamon Press. 

Brereton, C. and Grace, J. R. (1993b). End Effects in Circulating Fluidized Bed Hydrodynamics. In Circulating Fluidized Bed Technology TV. Ed. A. A. Avidan. New York AlChE Publications. 

Hartge, E.-U., Li, Y. and Werther, J. (1986). Analysis of the Local Structure of the Two Phase Flow in a Fast Fluidized Bed. In Circulating Fluidized Bed Technology. Ed. P. Basu. Toronto Pergamon Press. 

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