Floral bud

Ornamentals are treated with GA for a variety of purposes including more profuse flowering, increasing flower number, and in some circumstances flower size. It is a common practice in the southeastern United States to gib camelHas prior to flowering, ie, a small amount of the potassium salt of GA at 100 ppm is dropped into the floral bud at a very early stage of development to produce large showy flowers. 

One group of components which play a major role in the medicinal potential are phenolic acids. In all, seven phenolic acids, e.g. tannic, gallic, caffeic, cinnamic, chlo-rogenic, ferulic and vanillic acids, could be identified. Several parts of the spices, for instance, seeds, leaves, barks, rhizomes, latex, stigmas, floral buds and modified stems, were used in the study (Singh et al., 2004). 

Tissue culture of saffron including somatic embryogenesis and shoot regeneration has been first reported by George et al [105], Induction of crocin, crocetin, picrocrocin and safranal synthesis in callus cultures of saffron-Oocws sativus L has been reported by Visvanath et al [106]. Callus cultures were obtained from floral buds on Murashige and Skoog s medium supplemented with 3% sucrose, 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid... 

Iqbal, M., A.K.M. Ghosh, and A.K. Saluja. 1993. Antifertility activity of the floral buds of Jasminum officirmle var. grandiflo-rum in rats. Phytother. Res. 7(l) 5-8. 

Completion of a juvenile phase of ontogenesis is usually associated with the development of floral buds, but a lower part of a young tree crown may remain in a juvenile stage whereas flowers are formed in its upper part and a yoimg tree enters an adult phase getting an ability of fruiting [12]. 

Fig 8.2 Peganum harmala. Floral bud, transverse section series. Sepal basal lateral appendages marked with asterisks [ ]. (A) Distal zone, live sepals and five petals with contort aestivation. (B) Fifteen stamens surrounding three carpel tips [c], free but postgenitally united. 

Fig 8.6 Nitraria retusa. Floral bud, transverse section series. (A) Distal zone, five petals [p] with valvate aestivation and tips bent inwards surrounding postgenitally united carpel tips [c]. (B) Fifteen stamens surrounding the style. (C) Ovary at the level of the placentae. (D) Ovary, with two fertile locules, each with one ovule [o], and one sterile, empty locule [si]. (E) Floral hase, with five antesepalous depressions (nectaries). Scale bars (A)-(E) = 1 mm. 

Fig 12.2 Mature flowers of Afa/oofeowaca. (A)-(B)N. imperiaUs (C)-(F)JV. vogelii. (A)-(D) Distal and lateral view of flower at anthesis. (E) detail of (C) central part with staminodes, stamens and ovary. (F) Floral bud prior to anthesis. Note the petals opening along the midribs. Af, fertile stamen As, sterile stamen Ci, inner corona Co, outer corona Ct, corona threads St, stylar lobe. Scale bars = 10 mm. For colour illustration see plate section. 

El Hinnawy (1956) has reviewed the relation of macronutrient nutrition to flower initiation. He concluded that variations in macronutrient levels may greatly influence the time of appearance of floral buds, the rate of subsequent floral development, the number of flowers produced and the stamen—pistil ratios but there was no alteration in initiation of floral primordia in photoper-iodically sensitive plants. 

Fresh floral buds of Justicia repens L. and Tradescantia sp. were transferred to darkened specimen tubes containing reagent A and the tubes were immediately kept in a refrigerator at 0 to 3 C for about a week. The tissues were washed with three changes of reagent B for 15 minutes in order to remove the excess of silver nitrate. They were then dehydrated using t-butyl alcohol (TBA) series, embedded... 

FIGURE 2.2 Vertical section of floral bud of Tradescantia sp (Courtesy Dave et al., 1969). x 100... 

Tomasi, R, Dierig, D.A., Backhaus, R.A., Pigg, K.B., 1999. Floral bud and mean petal length as morphological predictors of microspore cytological stage in Lesquerella. HortScience 34, 1269-1270. 

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