Flexural elastic modulus

EIA Electronic Industries Assoc. FEM flexural elastic modulus... 

FEM flexural elastic modulus FRP fiber reinforced plastic... 

Tensile strength, psi Flexural strength, psi Flexural elastic modulus, psi Izod impact strength, notched, ft, Ib/in. Deflection temperature under load (264 psi), °F... 

Recently, Oldfield Ellis (1991) have examined the reinforcement of glass-ionomer cement with alumina (Safil) and carbon fibres. The introduction of only small amounts of carbon fibres (5% to 7-5% by volume) into cements based on MP4 and G-338 glasses was found to increase considerably both the elastic modulus and flexural strength. There was an increase in work of fracture attributable to fibre pull-out. A modulus as high as 12-5 GPa has been attained with the addition of 12% by voliune of fibre into MP4 glass (Bailey et al, 1991). Results using alumina fibre were less promising as there was no fibre pull-out because of the brittle nature of alumina fibres which fractured under load. 

A number of mechanical properties have been studied that may affect the clinical success of dental composite restorative materials. Among these are diametral tensile strength (DTS), flexural strength, fracture toughness, elastic modulus, hardness, and fatigue resistance. The mechanical properties should approximate those of tooth structure [183], but correlation of clinical success to any of these properties is limited. 

Three basic problems may cause a total joint replacement to fail or to have a limited service life. The first problem, arises, because the elastic modulus of the stem greatly exceeds that of the bone. Flexural loading caused by walking creates local cyclic stress concentrations due to the non-compliance of the stem. These stresses can be intense and even severe enough to cause death of local bone cells. If this... 

Suzuki et al ° made hot-pressed composites of molybdenum disulphide 80%, molybdenum dioxide 10% and niobium 10%. They were pressed at 25 MPa and 1500°C in carbon dies, and the flexural strength was 59 - 63 MPa and the elastic modulus 27.9 MPa. To improve the strength they added 5% of 304 stainless steel, and this gave a flexural strength of 69 - 80 MPa and elastic modulus 43.8 MPa. The coefficient of friction of the latter compact was 0.07 to 0.18 and the specific wear rate 2.2 x 10" mm Nm at 450°C in vacuum. 

The strength or modulus of rupture quoted for glass ceramics is determined by loading test bars in flexure. This value can vary by a factor of ten or more for a given material, depending on the surface finish of the test specimens. Fracture strength, ur, depends on the size of surface flaws c, the elastic modulus E, and the work of fracture yr ... 

Extrudability, bulk density, flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, absorbed energy of specimens were examined. After bending tests, fractured surface was observed by SEM and porosity was measured. 

The fracture resistance of a material depends on all of the properties which have been discussed including tensile strength, yield stress, elastic modulus, flexural strength, and impact resistance, all of which depend, in part, on fillers. Fillers, consequently, are important determinants of fracture resis-Only those phenomena which are related... 

It has been known for some time that considerable improvement of the mechanical properties of alumina in terms of flexural strength, fracture toughness, yield strength and elastic modulus can be achieved by adding particles of stabilised zir-conia as a structural reinforcement (see Chapter 4.1.2). Such ceramics are known as ZTA (zirconia-toughened alumina), duplex ceramics or dispersion ceramics. 

Properties of the pressurelessly-sintered ZrB2-SiC ceramics were shown in Fig 4. It was observed that the flexural strength and elastic modulus almostly had the same trends as the B4C contents changed except for the first two batches. Along with the B4C concentration increased, the elastic modulus decreased sharply at the beginning and then as the B4C inclusion was more than I wt%, the modulus and strength were all hardly dropped. On the other hand, in the first two batches the strength was low and increased as more B4C added. The reasons were not clear at present and... 

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