Flat rolled products

Pickling done before coating may use a mildly acidic bath such spent liquor is not considered hazardous. Waste pickle liquor flows typically range between 10 and 20 gal/t of pickled product. Rinsewater flows may range from less than 70 gal/t for bar products to more than 1000 gal/t for certain flat-rolled products. The principal pollutants in rinsewater include TSS, dissolved iron, and metals. For carbon steel operations, the principal metals are lead and zinc for specialty and stainless steels the metals include chromium and nickel.15... 

Some applications of ultrasonics are inspection for flaws in forgings, flat-rolled products such as strips, sheets and plates, castings, extrusion billets, rolling blooms or slabs, bar stock, pipes, welded joints, bonded joints, monitoring cracks, measurement of thickness, measurement of fluid levels, microstructural features and monitoring corrosion. 

There are a number of sources of shape problems in flat-rolled products. There are also a variety of means for correcting them. Each type of leveling or flattening equipment has its own capabilities and limits relative to specific defects in the incoming material. In this section, we will discuss shape defects dimensional problems in material which is supposed to be flat and is not, and the equipment options for correcting the problems. 

Ti-13V-llCr-3Al (Metastable P, P-Transus Temperature, 650 700 °C). Ti-13V-llCr-3Al is normally fabricated to flat-rolled products at temperatures in... 

Forming. The formabiHty of the Ti-8823 alloy in the annealed or solution heat treated condition is excellent. It has relatively low yield strength, tolerably low work-hardening characteristics, and high ductility in tension and compression. Ending of flat-rolled product and upsetting of rod or wire at room temperature may be accomplished... 

Ti-13V-llCi>3Al normally is fabricated to flat rolled products in the P-phase temperature field. However, the final fabrication of sheet by rolling to finish gages is oflen done cold to obtain improved flatness and gage uniformity. Similarly, in the production of rod and wire products aimed at spring manufficture, initial fitbrication at elevated temperatures may be followed by cold working to improve the finished surfiice and the mechanical properties of the final product. 

The measurement of the density does not present any particular difficulty, because one simply counts the number of pits visible on a representative surface area or length. Experience shows that 1 dm of a flat rolled product, and 1 dm of a tube are largely sufficient to obtain a good indication of the density. 

Chapter 1, Mechanical Metallurgy of Flat-Rolled Metal Products (Sinha), describes what goes on inside and on the surface of sheet, plate, and coil stock in the shearing and forming process. This chapter will provide a technical base for understanding various types of equipment used by the metal-forming professional. 

Mechanical Metallurgy of Flat-Rolled Metal Products... 

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