Flash glass

Crystalline opacity in lead glasses can be evolved by means of AS2O3 in amounts corresponding to 3 — 8% the compound Pbj (As04)2 is formed in the glass. It produces a strong enamel opacity suitable for flashed glasses. 

Bricks that are intentionally flashed make possible pleasing architectural effects. Flashed glass-ware is made by... 

Flash spinning Flat-bed screen printing Flat film Flat glass... 

Methyl bromide is nonflammable over a wide range of concentrations in air at atmospheric pressure and offers practically no fire hazard. With an intense source of ignition, flame propagation within a narrow range from 13.5 to 14.5% by volume has been reported. The material has no flash point. Thermal decomposition in a glass vessel begins somewhat above 400°C. 

Commercial ethyl alcohol is shipped in railroad tank cars, tank tmcks, 208-L (55-gal) and 19-L (5-gal) dmms, and in smaller glass or metal containers having capacities of 0.473 L (one pint), 0.946 L (one quart), 3.785 L (one U.S. gal), or 4.545 L (one Imperial gal). The 208-L dmms may be of the unlined iron type. If a guarantee of more meticulous quaUty is desired, the dmms may be lined with phenoHc resin. AH containers, of course, must comply with the specifications of the U.S. Department of Transportation. Both 190 proof and 200 proof ethyl alcohol are considered red label (flammable) materials by the DOT, as both have flash points below 37.8°C by the Tag closed-cup method. 

In our glass pipe demonstrator, cold water is used to simulate condensate and air pressure is applied to simulate the flash steam in the top portion of the pipe (Fig. 2). 

The term solid-state laser refers to lasers that use solids as their active medium. However, two kinds of materials are required a host crystal and an impurity dopant. The dopant is selected for its ability to form a population inversion. The Nd YAG laser, for example, uses a small number of neodymium ions as a dopant in the solid YAG (yttrium-aluminum-gar-net) crystal. Solid-state lasers are pumped with an outside source such as a flash lamp, arc lamp, or another laser. This energy is then absorbed by the dopant, raising the atoms to an excited state. Solid-state lasers are sought after because the active medium is relatively easy to handle and store. Also, because the wavelength they produce is within the transmission range of glass, they can be used with fiber optics. 

The same effect will occur where the liquid line picks up heat on a horizontal run, where it may be in the same duct as hot pipes, or pass through a boilerhouse. If the sight glass flashes even with the addition of refrigerant, the possibility of such extra heating should be investigated. To cure this, insulate the pipe. 

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