Firing rates, reduction

During the test, hydrogen flow rate was raised to a maximum of approximately 55 kg/s (120 Ib/s). About 23 seconds into the experiment, a reduction in flow rate began. Three seconds later, the hydrogen exploded. Electrostatic discharges and mechanical sparks were proposed as probable ignition sources. The explosion was preceded by a fire observed at the nozzle shortly after flow rate reduction began. The fire developed into a fireball of modest luminosity, and an explosion followed immediately. 

At the higher doses, several stages of stereotyped behaviors were seen. The transition from amphetamine-induced locomotion to locomotion associated with stereotyped side-to-side head movements was accompanied by a further reduction in firing rate. In those animals in which focused stereotypy was observed following this period of locomotion plus head movements, neurons showed a still further reduction in firing rate (figure 2). 

Loschet, W., Rohlfs, A., and Rundfeldt, C. (1995) Reduction in firing rate of substantia nigta pars reticulata neurons by valproate influence of diffetent types of anesthesia in rats. Brain Res 702 133-44. 

The expression of the immediate early gene (IEG) c-fos has been extensively used as a functional marker of brain activity in neuroscience including sleep research (53-55). In most cell types, the basal level of c-fos expression is relatively low however, c-fos messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and Fos protein can be rapidly and transiently induced by a diverse range of extracellular stimuli. Several laboratories have found that both c-Fos protein and mRNA levels decrease in the cerebral cortex during sleep relative to wakefulness (56-59). This decline has been linked to a reduction in the firing rate of the locus ceruleus during sleep and the consequent reduction of norepinephrine release in the cortex (60). 

Quinaux N, Scuvee-Moreau J, Dresse A. Inhibition of in vitro and ex vivo uptake of noradrenaline and 5-hydroxytryptamine by five antidepressants correlation with reduction of spontaneous firing rate of central monoaminergic neurones. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 1982 319 66-70. 

Jackson ME, Homayoun H, Moghaddam B. 2004. NMDA receptor hypofunction produces concomitant firing rate potentiation and burst activity reduction in the prefrontal cortex. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101 8467-8472. 

Local application of 8-OH-DPAT in the raph4 nuclei reduces the firing rate of serotonergic neurons by acting on the somatodendritic autoreceptor. This in turn leads to a reduction of the serotonergic neurotransmission, i.e. less serotonin is released in the synaptic cleft. It is not known which of the postsynaptic receptors is critically involved in the mediation of LLR. As far as we know, no local application studies have been performed in the major projection areas of the serotonin system. 

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