Fillers pretreatment

The application of polymer affects choice of filler. For example, to prepare conductive materials, special fillers must be used to obtain the required properties. Also, the method of processing imposes certain constraints on the choice and treatment of the filler before its use. For example, polymers processed at high temperature require fillers which do not contain moisture. This affects both the choice of the filler and/or its pretreatment. The choice of additives used to improve the incorporation of the filler depends on the application and the properties required from a product but it is also determined by the processing method. For example, the viscosity of a melt is reduced by special lubricating agents whereas the viscosity of filler dispersions is controlled by the surface treatment of filler. In some cases, the order of addition is important or a special filler pretreatment is used to achieve the desired results. These methods are discussed in special section in the table. Some fillers simply caimot be used with some polymers. In other cases, special care must be taken to ensure polymer stability or filler may interact with some vital components of the formulation. This subject is discussed in special considerations of filler choice. [Pg.605]

Methods of filler pretreatment neutralization in ceramic applications... [Pg.606]

Methods of filler pretreatment silane coupling agent... [Pg.610]

Methods of filler pretreatment components must be dry before processing... [Pg.613]

Methods of filler pretreatment thermal treatment, trimethylchlorosiloxane treatment ... [Pg.619]

Methods of filler pretreatment silane treated talc increases modulus and reduces compression set maleated or sulfonated EPDM interacts with zinc oxide esterification of precipitated silica with methanol, propanol, and hexadecanol modification of precipitated silica with methacrylic and vinyl silane calcium carbonate was modified with monoallyl and monodecyl maleate ... [Pg.621]

Methods of filler pretreatment drying is very important to prevent hydrolysis ... [Pg.623]

Methods of filler pretreatment lignin treated by methylolation decreases the rate of cure of phenolic adhesives " carbon fiber was anodicaUy oxidized and subjected to various treatments with coupling agents to improve interfacial interaction with phenolic resins and oxidative stability of carbon fibers titanate coupling of oxidized fibers resulted in improved adhesion to matrix and enhanced thermal stability of fibers ... [Pg.625]

Methods of filler pretreatment silane treatment of wollastonite polyamide has ability to wet carbon fiber, polyamide behaves like a melt at 180°C even though its melting temperature is 225°C 5... [Pg.629]

Methods of filler pretreatment drying to prevent degradation and blistering... [Pg.633]

Methods of filler pretreatment none reported but the type of filler plays essential role in obtaining stable polyaniline dispersion... [Pg.635]

Methods of filler pretreatment heat treatment of carbon fibers increases their resistance to oxidation but their adhesion decreases... [Pg.636]

Methods of filler pretreatment moisture content of composite should be below 0.02% to avoid hydrolytic changes as well as blistering... [Pg.639]

Methods of filler pretreatment moisture removal by drying, preparation of masterbatches moisture pickup by titanium dioxide and its concentrates was found to cause lacing which causes fihn defects, drying of the filler is a simple rem-edy "... [Pg.646]

Methods of filler pretreatment aluminum filler was prepared from the reaction of aluminum chloride and carboxylic acid such as hydroxybenzoic, aminobenzoic, anthranilic acids to form an active filler which improves the mechanical properties of CPE ... [Pg.651]

Methods of filler pretreatment thermal treatment at 800°C and hexadecanol treatment were performed to study the effect that hydroxyl groups have on silica reinforcement ... [Pg.652]

Methods of filler pretreatment carbon black was oxidized prior to incorporation ... [Pg.658]

Methods of filler pretreatment if coupling agent is required, filler is usually pretreated before incorporation fluidized bed glass fiber impregnation in sheet forming surface modification of chalk and carbon fiber by acetylene gas plasma stearic and oleic acids phosphate coating for talc "... [Pg.663]

Methods of filler pretreatment preparation of a very uniform colloidal suspension of filler especially for chemical synthesis of nanocomposites the quality of the suspension determines the particle size of primary particles, the thickness of the coating and the uniformity of the material... [Pg.668]

Methods of filler pretreatment drying, especially for extrusion apphcations... [Pg.669]

Methods of filler pretreatment I PU Total moisture of the system should not exceed 0.1% to prevent hydrolysis and blistering PU depends on application but typically moisture below 0.05% is required to prevent reaction with water leading to property loss and bubbling... [Pg.676]

Methods of filler pretreatment silanes including amino- and mercaptosilanes treatment is more common with silica and clays... [Pg.684]

Methods of filler pretreatment silane treatment of carbon black during mixing with rubber co-precipitation of cellulose xanthate and NBR latex" ... [Pg.687]

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