Field application, concentrating organic

Concentration and Recovery of Solutes. The RO method was evaluated by using small-scale concentrations and selected model organic solutes. Similar concentrations were performed by other researchers by using alternate sampling methods as part of a comparison study. The concentration provided a 50-fold volume reduction (500 L down to 10 L). Field applications of the RO method usually involve sample volumes of 2000-8000 L. No steps were taken to condition membranes and equipment prior to the laboratory tests. This laboratory performance evaluation was conducted, in many respects, as a worst case exercise. 

The solntions that contain an organic solvent usually in the form of emnlsifiable concentrates and field application dilutions of such concentrates, represent the greatest potential challenge to the barrier effectiveness of polymeric gloves. Many of the solvents can severely degrade or permeate the glove materials when in nndilnted form. 

Mancozeb has been shown to reduce the population of soil organisms, and in soil nitrification has been reported at concentrations ranging from normal to 10 times the normal field application rates. These changes have tended to be temporary and reversed within 3 months. 

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