Fibre optics calcium

Maxwell, W. L., McCreath, B. J., Graham, D. I., and Gennarelli, T. A., Cytochemical evidence for redistribution of membrane pump calcium-ATPase and ecto-Ca-ATPase activity, and calcium influx in myelinated nerve fibres of the optic nerve after stretch injury, J. Neurocytol., 24, 925, 1995. 

Nanocellulosic fibrils can be used as a substrate for the production of precipitated calcium carbonate-nanocellulose composites. These, PCC-nanocellulose composites can contribute toward increasing the strength and optical properties of paper. We investigated formation and properties of a new composite paper composed of fibrillar fines and calcium carbonate as the base furnish in combination with cellulosic fibres as reinforcing elements. 

Briefly, paper is made from a very dilute aqueous suspension of anionically charged cellulosic fibres which, after water removal, fam a fibrous network, i.e., a paper sheet. In many cases, filler particles such as ground or precipitated calcium carbonate or clay are added to the fibre suspension to enhance the optical performance or printability of the paper. Also, a variety of other components are added to improve specific properties of the paper sheet (e.g., wet and dry strength agents) or to facilitate the paper production process (e.g., retention aids to minimize the loss of fines and filler material to the process water, dewatering aids or defoaming chemicals). The majority of these chemical additives are polymers. 

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