Fiber-reinforced epoxy composites

The results presented below were obtained using a 2 mm thick carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composite laminate with 16 layers. The laminate was quasi isotropic with fiber orientations 0°, 90° and 45°. The laminate had an average porosity content of approximately 1.7%. The object was divided in a training area and an evaluation area. The model parameters were determined by data solely from the training area. Both ultrasound tranducers used in the experiment had a center frequency of 21 MHz and a 6 dB bandwidth of 70%. 

Liquid rubbers In order to improve the flexibihty of short glass fiber-reinforced epoxy composites, Kaynak et al. [53] modified the epoxy resin matrix with hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) liquid mbber. A silane coupling agent was also used to improve the interfacial adhesion between glass fibers and epoxy matrix. However, Humpidge et al. [54] reported some unique processing problems for the resulting pasty mixmres when short textile fibers were incorporated in a hquid mbber medium. 

Kandola, B.K., Horrocks, A.R., and Rashid, M.R. 2006. Effect of reinforcing element on burning behavior of fiber-reinforced epoxy composites. In Recent Advances of Flame Retardancy of Polymeric Materials, Lewin, M. (Ed.), Proceedings of the 17th Conference, BCC, Stamford, CT. 

Fig. 7. Comparison of stress-strain curves for carbon-fiber-reinforced epoxy composites of different thermal histories. Error rectangles were drawn to indicate a 95% confidence level for both stress and strain...

The use of epoxidized hyperbranched polyesters as toughening additives in carbon-fiber reinforced epoxy composites has been demonstrated... 

Printed Circuitry. Printed circuitry, which represents a most intricate structure of polymers and conductors, is frequently made by laminating copper foil onto glass-fiber-reinforced epoxy composites. For certain specialty applications, more expensive fiber-reinforced polyimides are used. 

The use of epoxidized hyperbranched polyesters as toughening additives in carbon-fiber reinforced epoxy composites has been demonstrated (Boogh et al., 1995). Since a hyperbranched resin has a substantially lower viscosity and much shorter drying time than a conventional (less branched) resin of comparable molecular weight, hyperbranched polymers have been used as the base for various coating resins (Pettersen and Sorensen, 1994). 

Effects on Time-Dependent Properties of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composites... 

Dynamic Mechanical Analysis. The effect of postcuring, quenching, and sub-T s.nnealing on the mechanical dispersion peaks of ( 5°)2c carbon-fiber-reinforced epoxy composites is shown In Figures 8 and... 

Qi D, Cheng G. Fatigue behavior of filament-wound glass fiber reinforced epoxy composite tubes under tension/torsion biaxial loading. Polym Compos 2007 28(1) 116—23. 

Yazid YM, Cantwell WJ, Langdon GS, Nurick GN. The blast resistance of a woven carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy composite. J Compos Mater 2011 45 789-801. http // dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998310376103. 

Kumar, B.G., Singh, R.P., Nakamura, T., 2002. Degradation of carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy composites by ultraviolet radiation and condensation. J. Compos. Mater. 36, 2713-2733. 

Abu Abu Bakar, M. A., Ahmad, S., Kuntjoro, W. Effect of matrix modification on the mechanical properties of short carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy composites. J. Reinforced Plast. Compos. 30 (2011) 357-361. 

Patel SR, Patel RG, Physicomechanical properties of carbon-fiber reinforced epoxy composites, Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering, 31(7-8), 705-712, 1992. 

Patel SR, Patel RG, Carbon-fiber reinforced epoxy composites, Polym Int, 30(3), 301-303, 1993. Soni HK, Patel RG, Patel VS, Structural, physical and mechanical-properties of carbon-fiber-reinforced composites of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A and bisphenol-C, Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie, 211, 1-8, 1993. 

Considerable work has been done on the sisal fiber-reinforced epoxy composites. It is reported that the fractured cross sections of the sisal-epoxy composites, showed no epoxy resin in the fiber lumen. The total lumen area in the fiber cross-section was fotmd to be 15% and the total void content was about 17%. In sisal, total leaf mass contains only 2-4% sisal fibers other cells take care of the water distribution. Oksman et al. [9] studied the thermoplastic fiber composites and showed that lumen was filled with the polymer matrix. Fibers therefore have distribution channels between the single wood cells. It is possible that the absence of such channels in sisal, due to the different function of sisal fibers, is the reason for lack of polymer in the lumen. At several locations in the sisal fiber, a gap between the fiber and matrix can be observed. The gaps indicate weak fiber-matrix adhesion [9, 58, 59]. 

Z. Leman, S.M. Sapuan, M. Azwan, M.M.H.M. Ahmad, Maleque, The effect of environmental treatments on fiber surface properties and tensile strength of sugar palm fiber-reinforced epoxy composites. Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng. 47(6), 606-612 (2008). 

A. Ali, A. Sanuddin, and S. Ezzeddin, The effect of aging on Arenga pinnata fiber-reinforced epoxy composite. Mater. Des. 31(7), 3550-3554 (2010). 

D. Roylance and M. Roylance, Weathering of fiber-reinforced epoxy composites. Polym. Eng. Sci. 18 (4), 249-254 (1978). 

M.A. Maleque, F.Y Belal, and S.M. Sapuan, Mechanical properties study of pseudo-stem banana fiber reinforced epoxy composite. Arab. J. Sci. Eng. 32 (2B) 359-364 (2007). 

Shih, Y.F. Mechanical and thermal properties of waste water bamboo husk fiber reinforced epoxy composites. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 445 46, 289-295 (2007)... 

Davis, D.C., Wilkerson, J.W., Zhu, J., and Hadjiev, V.G. (2011) A strategy for improving mechanical properties of a fiber reinforced epoxy composite using functionalized carbon nanotubes. Compos. Sci. Technol., 71, 1089-1097. 

Fan, Z., Santare, M. H. and Advani, S. G. (2008), Interlaminar shear strength of glass fiber reinforced epoxy composites enhanced with mnlti-walled carbon nanotnbes . Composites Part A Applied Science and Mamfacturing, 39(3), 540-554. 

Dewimille B, Bunsell AR. The modeling of hygrothermal aging in glass fiber reinforced epoxy composites. J Phys D 1982 15 2079-2091. 

Zhang H, Zhang Z and Friedrich K (2007) Effect of fiber length on the wear resistance of short fiber reinforced epoxy composites. Compos Sci Technol 67 222-230. 

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