Fertilizers, biological

Jobling, S., Coey, S., and Whitmore, J.G. et al. (2002a). Wild intersex roach (Rutilus rutilus) have reduced fertility. Biology of Reproduction 67, 515-524. 

Thus, the following links of nitrogen biogeochemical cycle were accounted for mass balance calculations in Northern-East Asia and the whole East Asian domain input — deposition, fertilizers, biological N fixation, import of food and products, riverine fluxes and output — crop uptake, denitrification, volatilization, runoff, sedimentation and sea water exchange. All calculations were condncted for 1994-1997 and the mean values were used. 

Clarholm, M. (1 993) Microbial biomass-P, labile-P, and acid-phosphatase-activity in the humus layer of a spruce forest, after repeated additions of fertilizers. Biology and Fertility of Soils 16, 287-292. 

Franzdn A (1977) Sperm structure with regard to fertilization biology and phylogenetics. Verhandl deutch zool Gesellsch 1977 123-138... 

Husk, B., Major, J., 2010. Commercial scale agricultural biochar field trial in Quebec, Canada over two years effects of biochar on soil fertility, biology and crop productivity and quality. Dynamotive Energy Systems, February. 

PiATiGORSKY, J. (1966). Studies on the initiation of protein synthesis by sea urchin eggs at fertilization. Biology Annual Report, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, pp. 50-52. 

Dinitrogen is fixed either by natural processes or by industrial ammonia (qv) production (1,8,9). The estimates for the aimual biological contribution range around 100-200 x 10 t. Industrial fixation contributes about 50 x 10 t/yr for fertilizer uses (see Fertilizers). Other processes, eg, lightning and combustion, are estimated to fix about 30 x 10 t/yr. Thus the biological process represents the majority (ca 65%) of the total aimual fixation rate, contributing about three times as much as the commercial production of fertilizer. 

Fertile sources of carotenoids include carrots and leafy green vegetables such as spinach. Tomatoes contain significant amounts of the red carotenoid, lycopene. Although lycopene has no vitamin A activity, it is a particularly efficient antioxidant (see Antioxidants). Oxidation of carotenoids to biologically inactive xanthophyUs represents an important degradation pathway for these compounds (56). 

Contamination of waters with ai senic occurs as a result of a number of industrial activities such as treatment of industrial wastes, fertilizers, pesticides production, mining, metal smelting etc. and natural processes (e.g. weathering of minerals, volcanic and biological activities). 

If there is a biologically timed bomb, it must lie in the accumulation in the soil s organic matter of nitrogen that will be released as nitrate by microbes at some unknown time in the future. The calculations made in the previous section suggest that, when nitrogen fertilizer is given in excess of the needs of the crop, a... 

At this stage of my enquiry 1 can draw only a few tentative conclusions from the case-histories presented above. I shall return at the end of the book to the issue of how disciplines evolve and when, to adopt biological parlance, a new discipline becomes self-fertile. 

Phosphorus also occurs in all living things and the phosphate cycle, including the massive use of phosphatic fertilizers, is of great current interest.O 20) -pj.jg movement of phosphorus through the environment differs from that of the other non-metals essential to life (H, C, N, O and S) because it has no volatile compounds that can circulate via the atmosphere. Instead, it circulates via two rapid biological... 

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