Fermentation isobutanol

All of the above-mentioned examples for fermentative isobutanol production were performed in simple flasks or bottles. However, the development of feasible production processes is challenging since not only common upscale problems arise, but also the cytotoxicity of higher alcohols is a striking problem for the transfer into the industrial scale. 

Synonyms AI3-01777 BRN 1730878 CCRIS 2300 EINECS 201-148-0 FEMA No. 2179 Fermentation butyl alcohol 1-Hydroxymethylpropane IBA i-BuOH Isobutanol Isopropylcarbinol 2-Methylpropanol 2-Methylpropanol-l 2-Methyl-1-propanol 2-Methyl-1-propan-l-ol 2-Methylpropyl alcohol NSC 5708 RCRA waste number U140 UN 1212. 

SYNS ALCOOLISOBUTYLIQUE (FRENCH) FEMA No. 2179 FERMENTATION BUTYL ALCOHOL 1-HYDROXYMETmT-PROPANE ISOBUTANOL pOT)... 

Ten liters of culture broth, obtained by 110 fermentating flasks, are fQtered and the mycelium is discarded since it contains a very low amount of alkaloids. The filtered dark colored broth (which contains about 1000 ugJmL. of alkaloids) is made alkaline by adding sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide solution and extracted with 10 L. of a mixture chloroform-isobutanol (4 1). The organic extract is re-extracted with an aqueous 2% tartaric acid solution. The aqueous acidic solution is then concentrated under vacuum and at 20 - 40 C. to a small volume (about one-tenth of the original volume). The residual solution is made alkaline, extracted with chloroform and the solvent evaporated. A white crystalline powder is obtained, from which, by alkaline hydrolysis in known manner, lysergic and isolysergic acid are obtained. 

Isobutyl Alcohol Isobutanol Isopropylcarbinol 2-Methyl-1-Propanol Fermentation Butyl Alcohol ... 

Bellstein Handbook Reference) AI3-01777 Alcool isobutyllque BRN 1730878 CCRIS 2300 EINECS 201-148-0 FEMA Number 2179 Fermentation butyl alcohol HSDB 49 Iso-butyl alcohol Isobutanol Isobutyl alcohol Isobutylalkohol Isopropyloarbinol NSC 5708 RCRA waste number U140 UN1212. Used as a solvent and chemical feedstock. Clear liquid mp = -107,8° bp B 108" d ° = 0.8018 soluble In H = 720 (5 g/100 ml), more soluble in organic solvents LDsO (rat orl) = 2,46 g/kg. BASF Corp. Eastman Cham. Co. Hoechst Celanese Neste UK Shell UK Shell Usines de Melle. 

Chonical Designations-Anonyms Isobutanol Isopropylcarbinol 2-methyTl-propanol Fermentation butyl alcohol Chemical Formula (CHj)2CHCH20H. 

A further compUcation is that while wUd-type T. saccharolyticum produces ethanol at yields >50% of the theoretical maximum, wild-type C. thermocellum typically produces ethanol at yields closer to 25-30% of the theoretical maximum, with the excess carbon and electrons going to nontraditional fermentation products such as secreted amino acids organic acids such as pyruvate, fumarate, and malate, and alcohols such as isobutanol and butanediol [30, 31]. This may reflect a fundamental difference in either central metabolism or metabolic control between these two organisms. 

The volatile compounds quantified were acetaldehyde, ethyl acetate, methanol, 1-propanol, isobutanol, amyl alcohols, isobutanol, ethyl valerate, ethyl lactate, ethyl caprylate, ethyl caproate, 2-furfuraldehyde and 2-phenyl ethanol (figure 3). Two yeasts isolated from fermentation stage in the mezcal processes were used to evaluate the volatile production in different agave juice species (table 5 and table 6). Both yeasts are Kluyoeromyces marxianus and the volatile compoxmds were produced at different levels, those results show the importance to select the yeast used in the process. 

In analogy to the process with C. glutamicum Iso7, a two-phase fermentation process was developed with PDHC-deficient B. subtilis n-,05 yielding 74 mM isobutanol (5.5 g/L). In this case, the yield obtained [0.47 mole per mole (0.19 g/g) Li et al 2012b] was about the same (or even slightly higher) when compared to that observed in flask batch fermentations (Table 12.4). 

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