Faraday rotation for

Fig. 21. Faraday rotation for a 2- m thick film of Ga Mn.rAs with x = 0.043 measured as a function of the photon energy in a magnetic field of 6 T at 10 and 300 K (a) and as a function of the magnetic field at 10 K, 1.55 eV and at 300 K, 1.49 eV (b). Solid lines show the magnetization determined from magnetotransport measurements at the given temperatures (scaled to match the open symbols) (Kuroiwa et al. 1998).

The principle of a polarization-dependent optical isolator is shown in Fig. 1, which comprises a polarizer, an analyzer, and a Faraday rotator for providing a 45-degree polarization rotation. Direction of the analyzer is oriented 45 degrees relative to that of the polarizer. 

The calculation of both the symmetric and antisymmetric effect is straightforward. Later on, the actual Faraday rotation for lead is displayed (Figure 6b) as is the Faraday rotation for bismuth (Figure 4b) with its more complicated hyperfine structure. Included in these curves are actual experimental data and the theoretical predictions for their respective magnetic fields. 

We sweep the laser across the Ml absorption and record both the angle and the absorption. This is initially done with a large (30-mG) field which generates the large Faraday rotation for calibration. The direction of the sweep is reversed and the same data independently stored as we sweep from the opposite direction. We then turn off the field and again sweep in both directions across the line to search for PNC rotations. This procedure takes about 6 sec and is repeated ISO times for a given data run. 

From free carrier Faraday rotation for the high-frequency conduction band mass in hydrothermally grown undoped and indium-doped ZnO single crystals. The value in parentheses (0.29) is for the low-frequency polaron mass [73]. 

Figure 10. (a) Two-mode cavity and (b) microwave circuit for Faraday rotation (microwave Hall effect) experiments. 

Metal-solution interface, quantum mechanical calculations for (Kripsonsov), 174 Metal-water affinity, 177 Micro-balance, quartz crystal, 578 Microwave circuit, 446 for Faraday rotation, 454 Microwave conductivity... 

Although all the examples chosen involve singlet states, for which the theory is especially simple, there is no problem in extending the method to more complex Zeeman patterns, or indeed in including the effect of Paschen-Back uncoupling on the MOV spectrum [166]. The influence of -mixing on MOV patterns has also been studied, and is in principle well understood [167], If the experiment is performed with lasers, the influence of laser power on Faraday rotation arises both by population transfer and by the Autler-Townes splitting (section 9.10) [173]. 

This generalised definition of the / value for autoionising resonances turns out to be useful in describing the Zeeman and Faraday rotation effects for a Beutler-Fano profile. It also yields a more symmetric form... 

A very interesting technique for observing LICS was used in one of the earliest experiments. It will be called laser-induced natural rotation here, because the physical distinction between natural and Faraday rotation is... 

Not all systems are time-reversal invariant. In particular, time-reversal invariance is broken by an external magnetic field. This is most easily understood by considering the physical difference between natural rotation and Faraday rotation in naturally occurring rotation (in a crystal or a sugar solution) the plane of polarisation of the radiation comes back onto itself when the light beam is reflected backwards along the same path. This does not occur in Faraday rotation, where the angle of rotation continues to accumulate for the reflected beam. In fact, the Faraday effect is... 

Fig. 24. (a) Specific magneto-optic Faraday rotation (F) and absorption coefficient (a) as function of wavelength for both normal and quenched MnBi (after Chen et al. 1973). (b) Temperature dependence of the magneto-optical Kerr rotation of a MnBi film. The quantities Kerr rotation in the saturated and remanent state, respectively (after Chen and Gondo 1964). 

Fig. 25. Wavelength dependence of the optical absorption coefficient a and the specific polar Faraday rotation F for MnSb at room temperature. (After Sawatzky and Street 1971.)...

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