Experimental Nitration Protocols in Micro Reactors

In addition, the isomeric ratios are affected. Whereas in industrial processes the ratio of 1- to 2-mononitronaphthalene is about 20 1 this ratio is dramatically increased to more than 30 by using micro reactors [98]. 

More detailed information concerning the characterization of micro mixers from different suppliers and of different mixing principles is given in [98] (this source may be difficult to obtain). 

Smaller bore diameters naturally produce slugs of smaller diameter [31,97]. Typically, a smaller length can also be generated thereby. As a consequence, internal circulation in the slug and specific interface between the slugs are increased. It is assumed that the impact of the increase in internal circulation on mass transfer/ reaction processing is generally more dominant. 

For conventional stirred tank processing of the nitration of benzene, the dependence of conversion on impeller speed is given in [102]. 

For optimum splitting, a contamination of less than 2% was found. By operating at slightly higher flow rates, one stream could be made contamination free. Thus, a clean product phase can be obtained when performing the nitration in the T-piece/ tube reactor. 

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