Exostome development

The evolution of dwarf males was significantly correlated with most of the morphological characters except seta length (Character 11), gemmae (13), endostome cilia (16), exostome development (17), and inner perichaetial leaf plication (18). In addition, there is no statistical support for correlated evolution of dwarf males with the epiphytic habit. The statistics of the correlation tests are presented in Table 18.4. 

Endostome processes opposite the teeth of the exostome, either free or united with them, but the peristome sometimes entirely wanting hypophysis sometimes highly developed acrocarpous mosses.Order Splachnales (Funariales)... 

Besides frequently having orthotropous capsules, epiphytic pleurocarps possess several other sporophytic character states more often than species of other habitats. These include short setae, ovoid to cylindrical and straight capsules, round stomatal pores, lack of or a poorly developed separating annulus, rostrate lids, papillose lower exostome outer surface, reduced exostome primary... 

FIGURE 12.1 Diagram of a transverse section through the developing capsule of Entodon in the region of the peristome showing the relationship of the OPL, PPL and IPL to the exostome and endostome. 

Exostomes well developed (0) or reduced (1). The length of the exostome teeth was used to estimate the degree of exostome reduction. Taxa with exostome teeth up to 350 J,m long were coded as rednced. 

---