Endostome cilia

Endostome cilia Well developed Well developed Well developed Mostly short... 

Number of endostome cilia between processes 0-1 (0) or 2-3 (1). Most ingronp taxa have none or one rndimentary cilium but two to three cilia occur in species of Ptychom-nion and Cladomniopsis. 

For two characters, namely, endostome cilia (16) and epiphytism (19), a model allowing different rates of forward and backward transitions was a better fit to the data than was the one-parameter model. Character transition rates and likelihood ratio statistics are presented in Table 18.3. MP and ML reconstructions of the 18 morphological characters are shown in Figure 18.2 and Figure 18.3, respectively. For the ML reconstructions, statistically significant reconstructions... 

The evolution of dwarf males was significantly correlated with most of the morphological characters except seta length (Character 11), gemmae (13), endostome cilia (16), exostome development (17), and inner perichaetial leaf plication (18). In addition, there is no statistical support for correlated evolution of dwarf males with the epiphytic habit. The statistics of the correlation tests are presented in Table 18.4. 

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