Exercise blood-flow restriction

Manlni TM, Clark BC. (2009) Blood flow restricted exercise and skeletal muscle health. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 37, 78-85. 

Fujita S, Abe T, Drummond MJ et al. (2007) Blood flow restriction during low-intensity resistance exercise increases S6K1 phosphorylation and muscle protein synthesis. J Appl Physiol 103, 903-910. 

Drummond MJ, Fujita S, Takashi A et al. (2008) Human muscle gene expression following resistance exercise and blood flow restriction. Med Sci Sports Exerc 40, 691-698. 

Photoplethysmography and air plethysmography are simple tests designed to evaluate calf muscle dysfunction and degree of venous reflux. These techniques are used to observe the change in blood volume within the lower limb before and after exercise. Application of a tourniquet to restrict blood flow within the superficial system allows the deep venous system to be assessed for a potential obstruction. 

The animals that consumed water were clearly oxidatively stressed by the exercise treatment (Figure 4), in agreement with many previous studies of exercise (23). In particular, the kidney and liver were susceptible to oxidative stress in the animals consuming water, perhaps because restricted blood flow to these organs during exercise impeded the normal supply of antioxidants or limited the normal clearing process (32, 33). 

Why Well, because the doubling of the tube-side velocity has promoted turbulence, which retards the accumulation of fouling deposits. Of course, this is exactly the reason why we exercise. The increased flow of blood through our arteries prevents plaque from sticking to the walls of our blood vessels. The plaque, a fatty deposit derived from cholesterol, restricts the flow of blood, which causes high blood pressure and eventually strokes. 

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