Examples procedure layout

The activity of synthesis occurs throughout a design, from original process conception to construction and operation. Examples are 1) the synthesis of a control system for fixed plant configuration, 2) the synthesis of a start-up procedure for a new process, 3) the selection of materials of construction and 4) the layout of the plant to improve safety. All of these activities involve discrete decision making this aspect is a common denominator of all synthesis activities. 

Unit Areas Concept. The basic blocks with which to build an arrangement for plot plans are often used in the unit area concept. This method of planning is particularly well adapted to large plant layouts. Unit areas are often delineated by means of distinct process phs s and operational procedures, by reason of contamination, and by safety requirements. Thus, the delineation of the shape and extent of a unit area and the interrelationships of each area in a master plot plan is one of the first tasks of layout planning. Figure 5-1 is an example of this type of planning. 

Throughout the worked Examples in this book, I use a two- or three-column layout in which students learn a general procedme for solving problems of a particular type as they see this procedure applied to one or two worked Examples. In this format, the explanation of how to solve a problem is placed directly beside the actual steps in the solution of the problem. Many of you have said that you use a similar technique in lecture and office hours. Since students have specifically asked for coimections between Examples and end-of-chapter problems, I include a For More Practice feature at the end of each worked Example that lists the review examples and end-of-chapter problems that provide more opportunity to practice the skill(s) covered in the Example. 

Process simulation Process simulation software is used for the planning and layout of processes in entire systems or plant units. The range of competence of these software systems typically comprises the calculation of procedural basic operations, mainly in chemical and thermal process engineering according to the principle of the conservation equations for mass, matter, momentum and enthalpy in consideration of the principles of thermodynamics. A typical example is the calculation of the matter and heat transmission in rectification columns. Here, the acquisition of correspondingly reliable matter data is often difficult. Therefore, the simulation results are generally accompanied by the respective experimental studies. 

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