Evidence for metal-ligand covalent bonding

This is an approximate answer but we are now able to estimate B and Ao t as follows  

Substitution of the value of B into — = 29 gives an estimate of Aoct 18 600cm.  

Accurate methods involving mathematical expressions can be used. These can be found in the advanced texts listed in the further reading at the end of the chapter. 

For [Ti(OH2)6] a value of A c, can be determined directly from A ,gx ia electronic spectrum. Wby is this not possible for [V(0H2)6] and for most other octahedral ions  

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Chapter 21 Evidence for metal-ligand covalent bonding 669... 

A comparison of structural parameters of COT complexes shows the relevance of steric interactions, particularly with metals in higher oxidation states in determining metal-ligand distances giving evidence for possible covalent bonding in these complexes. 

In the remaining examples of this section H is bonded to one metal atom only, apparently as a normal covalently bound ligand, with M-H, 1-6-1-7 A. (Earlier evidence for much shorter M-H bonds in compounds such as carbonyl hydrides and (CsHs)2MoH2 is now known to be unreliable.)... 

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