2-Ethyl hexanol Specifications

Distillation with reaction, where the normal process is coupled with a liquid phase reaction, is also interesting and esterifications of certain alcohols with acids are typical industrial applications. These include, among others the homogeneously catalyzed butyl acetate process and the production of the plasticizer di-octyl-phthalate from phthalic anhydride and 2-ethyl-hexanol. However, the subject which involves both product formation and separation aspects has not usually been treated in the literature relating specifically to "mass transfer with reaction". 

Immobilisation of an Acetobacter aceti strain in calcium alginate resulted in improvement of the operational stability, substrate tolerance and specific activity of the cells and 23 g phenylacetic acid was produced within 9 days of fed-batch cultivation in an airlift bioreactor [133]. Lyophilised mycelia of Aspergillus oryzae and Rhizopus oryzae have been shown to efficiently catalyse ester formation with phenylacetic acid and phenylpropanoic acid and different short-chain alkanols in organic solvent media owing to their carboxylesterase activities [134, 135] (Scheme 23.8). For instance, in n-heptane with 35 mM acid and 70 mM alcohol, the formation of ethyl acetate and propylphenyl acetate was less effective (60 and 65% conversion yield) than if alcohols with increased chain lengths were used (1-butanol 85%, 3-methyl-l-butanol 86%, 1-pentanol 91%, 1-hexanol 100%). This effect was explained by a higher chemical affinity of the longer-chain alcohols, which are more hydrophobic, to the solvent. 

Braungart et al. (1997) have also investigated emissions from 11 electronic devices in their desiccator. All products were operated during or immediately before the test. Unit-specific emission rates ranged from 5.9 pg/h (cellular phone) to 206 pg/h (electric shaver). Emission rates of 7 products were below 27 pg/h. Typical VOCs detected in the chamber air were aliphatic hydrocarbons (C10-C18), aromatic hydrocarbons (toluene, o-, m- and p-xylene, C3-/C4-benzenes), 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, BHT (2,6-di-tert- butyl-4-methylphenol) and cyclohexanone. One electric shaver emitted large amounts of methylnaphthalenes. Emission rates of single compounds were well below 10 pg/h apart from one case in which the emission of 23 pg/h naphthalene from an electric hair drier was measured. 

Solid catalyst [Mg-Ti] was analyzed for its composition and specific surface area (Table 2). A 3.0 wt. % of titanium is incorporated on active support. BET surface area of crystalline magnesium dichloride is found to be 10 mVg. The treatment of magnesium dichloride with 2-ethyl-1-hexanol and DBPh followed by diphenyldichlorosilane gives a product [Mg-Ti I] with improved surface area characteristics (50 mVg). The reaction of [Mg-Ti I] with titanium tetrachloride increases the surface area to 115 m /g. These results show that the present process of catalyst synthesis gives approximately tenfold improvement in the surface area of the Mg-Ti catalyst as compared to the starting anhydrous magnesium dichloride. 

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