Ethyl carbazol

Pechmann reaction, 3, 802 Phenolsulfonephthaleins dyes, 6, 782 Phenosafranine applications, 3, 196 Phenothiazine, 3,7-dichloro-synthesis, 3, 1012 Phenothiazine, 5-ethyl-carbazoles from, 4, 152-153 Phenothiazine, 1-methyl-synthesis, 3, 1033 Phenothiazine, 10-phenyl-synthesis, 3, 1012 Phenothiazine, 10-sulfonyl-rearrangement, 3, 1012 Phenothiazines... 

AEC stock solution 0.4 g of 3-amino 9-ethyl carbazole dissolved in 100 ml of N,N dimethyl formamide... 

For visualization of peroxidase label in tissue sections, Vector Laboratories offers the traditional substrates DAB and 3-amino-9-ethyl carbazole (AEC) as well as several proprietary substrates, producing colors as listed in Table 2.1. 

Rather strange results were obtained when cyanuric chloride was heated at 90 and 100°C, respectively, with 9-ethyl- and 9-phenylcarbazoles. A 1 1 mixture of N-substitution (presumably with loss of the original ethyl group) and C-substitution products were formed in very low yield from 9-ethyl-carbazole and, also in very low yield, mainly 47 from 9-phenylcarbazoIe. " ... 

Ein UberschuB an Acetanhydrid fuhrt zusatzlich zu N-Acylierung. Mit 3,4-Diamino-9-ethyl-carbazol wird regioselektiv 3-Acetyi-6-ethyl-2-methyI-3,6-dihydrn-(imidazo[4,5-c carha o ) (62% Schmp. 1923) gebildet54 ... 

The conversion of substituted diphenylamines and triphenylamines to carbazoles at platinum anodes in CH3CN-Et4NC104 takes place if the intermediate cation-radical is fairly stable. Thus the anodic oxidation of (V-ethylbis(p-fert-butylphenyl)amine (87) gave 3,6-di-ferf-butyl-Af-ethyl-carbazole (88) in 15% yield152 [Eq. (72)]. 

Enzyme substrates- A variety of different substrates for both alkaline phosphatase and peroxidase are available. In this chapter, only the alkaline phosphatase substrate nitroblue tetrazolium/bromochloroindolylphosphatase (NBT/BCIP) and the peroxidase substrate 3-amino-9-ethyl carbazole (AEC) are described. Other substrates can be found in textbooks of histochemistry (see also Chapter 24) a NBT/BCIP is made in advance, and stored at -20°C. After equilibration of 30 mL of alkaline phosphatase substrate buffer at 37°C, 10 mg of NBT are dissolved m 200 pL of dimethylformamide (DMF), and added to I mL of the prewarmed substrate buffer. The mixture is added dropwise to the remaining substrate buffer BCIP (5 mg), dissolved in 200 pL of DMF, is then added slowly, and the whole preparation stored m 4-mL aliquots at—20°C b AEC is prepared fresh daily by dissolving 2 mg of AEC in 1 2 mL of dimethyl-sulfoxide in a glass tube. The mixture is added to 10 mL of 20 mM acetate buffer, pH 5 0-5.2. Immediately prior to use, 1 pL of 30% (v/v) hydrogen peroxide is added The final mix may require filtration prior to use... 

Common chromogen systems currently in use include diaminobenzidine (DAB), 3-amino-9-ethyl-carbazole (AEC), Hanker-Yates reagent, alpha-naphthol pyronin used with peroxidase as substrate fast blue, fast red, BCIP- (5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate) NBT (nitroblue tetrazolium) used with alkaline phosphatase as substrate tetrazolium, tetranitroblue tetrazolium used with glucose oxidase as substrate, and immunogold with silver enhancement (Leong, 1993 Leong et al, 1997a). 

The reaction of 9-ethylcarbazol-3-carbaldehyde (xxxiii) with aroylhydrazines (xxxiv) under microwave condition gave the intermediate, l-aroyl-2-(9 -ethyl-carbazol-3 -yl-methylidene) hydrazines (xxxv). The further treatment of xxxv with potassium permanganate in DMF under microwave irradiation afforded the 2-aryl-5-(9 -ethylcarbazol-3 -yl)-l,3,4-oxadiazoles (xxxvi) in excellent yields [35]. 

Figure 10.4 Synthesis of Ethyl carbazole Oxadiazole Copolymers...

Synonyms 3-Amino-N-carbazole HCI 3-Amino-9-ethylcarbazole HCI 9-Amino ethyl carbazole hydrochloride... 

Separation of Ci to C20 fatty acids as 9-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)carbazole derivatives can be achieved by HPLC using gradient elution on a Cl8 column in a relatively short time. The 2ex was at 293 nm, and the maximum fluorescence emission for the derivatized fatty acids was at 365 nm. Sensitive detection is possible by fluorescence excitation at 2ex = 293 or 335 nm and emission at 365 nm. 

For the UV hght photo initiated polymerization of aerylonitrile, with 3-amino-9-ethyl-carbazole as a sensitizer, the following kinetie equation for the polymerization was developed... 

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