Estrogens biogenesis

Schreiber SN, Emter R, Hock MB, Knutti D, Cardenas J, Podvinec M, Oakeley EJ, Kralli A (2004) The estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRalpha) functions in PPARgamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-lalpha)-induced mitochondrial biogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101(17) 6472-6477. doi 10.1073/ pnas.0308686101... 

D4. Diczfalusy, E., In vivo biogenesis and metabolism of estrogens in the foeto-placental unit. Proc. 2nd Intern. Congr. Endocrinol. London, 1964 Vol. 2, p. 732. Exoerpta Med. Found., Amsterdam, 1965. 

It is now certain that cholesterol is the precursor of neutral adrenal and testicular steroids. As will be shown in Section II, C, several neutral steroids can be converted to estrogens it seems, therefore, that cholesterol may act as an intermediate in the biogenesis of estrogens. 

The experiments on biogenesis carried out by Ryan and Dorfman and their co-workers leave no room for doubt that the greatest part, if not all, of the estrogens arise by aromatization of neutral steroids. It can be taken as proved that, from a quantitative point of view, this reaction plays a decisive role. The important question which now has to be asked is what factors control the process of aromatization of neutral steroids, and thus of... 

Biosynthesis of j5-hydroxy-/5-methyl-glutaric acid (HMG). Fed. Proc. 15, 342 (1956). Ryan, K. J., and 0. W. Smith Biogenesis of estrogens by the human ovary. IV. Formation... 

The biogenesis of estrogens has been discussed in Chapt. XlV-fi. The precursor is testosterone, which is hydroxylated at C-19 this angular group is then lost in the course of aromatization of ring A. 

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