Estrogenic activity endocrine disruptors

The MultiCASE system has been used to identify a common 6-A unit biophore on a range of hormonally active chemicals with estrogenic activity that act as endocrine disruptors. This structural feature is a spacer biophore that is thought to be involved in the molecules binding to the estrogen receptor and is found on the standard estrogenic chemical, 17-beta-estradiol (see Combes, 2000). Other examples of molecules possessing this biophore include 4-hydroxytamoxifen, 2-chloro-4-hydroxybiphenyl, 3,4-dihydroxyfluorene, and 2,2-(fcE-4-hydroxyphenyl-1,1,1 -trichloroethane). 

Recently, the hazardous effects of endocrine disruptors (environmental hormones) such as bisphenol A and nonylphenol on the human body have been reported, and led to the initiation of many studies concerning the detection and structural determination of these compounds present in tiny amounts [57]. As one of the QSAR analyses of environmental hormones, the relationship between their biological activity and chemical hardness has been reported [16]. By applying these analytical methods, the molecular toxicity and estrogen-like activity of environmental hormones have been found... 

NICEATM. NICEATM pre-screen evaluation of the in vitro endocrine disruptor assay (Robotic MCF-7 cell proliferation assay of estrogenic activity), chttp // iccvamniehsnihgov/methods/endodocs/CCiPrescreenEvalpdf>. Accessed November 1, 2006. 

Metcalfe C.D., Metcalfe T.L., Kiparissis Y., et al., 2001. Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 20, 297. Murk A.J., Legler J., Van Lipzig M.M.H., et al., 2002. Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 21, 16. NICEATM, 2002. Background Review Document Current Status of Test Methods for Detecting Endocrine Disruptors In vitro Estrogen Receptor Transcriptional Activation Assays. 

Vigeh M, Yokoyama K, Ramezanzadeh F et al (2006) Lead and other trace metals in preeclampsia a case-control study in Tehran. Iran Environ Res 100(2) 268-275 Wagner M, Oehlmann J (2011) Endocrine disruptors in bottled mineral water estrogenic activity in the e-screen. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 127(1-2) 128-135... 

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