Estimates of heavy metal flows to and from the atmosphere

Application of modeling technology to the study of pollutant dynamics 383 

In reality, oil hydrocarbons evaporated from the surface of Arctic seas return to the Arctic Basin from precipitation. These processes are simulated in blocks APM and PSM. The maximal destruction of oil hydrocarbons is 0.0028 g m-2 da-1. The flow H7q due to bacterial decomposition averages 271 yr 1. It has unequal values for different seas (t yr-1) Bering 3.7, Greenland 11, Norwegian 2.2, Barents 3.4, Kara 2.3, White 2.3, Laptev 2.8, East Siberian 2.8, Chukchi 3.4, Beaufort 2.5, and Central Basin 0.5. 

We will discuss here three aspects of the SSMAE which are very important. The first concerns the incorporation of ecological, hydrophysical, climatic, and biogeo-chemical relationships in a model simulating the dynamics of Arctic Basin pollution. 

The main problem here is how to parameterize these relationships to achieve the requisite precision. The second concerns the key problem of database conformity to the model. In this case, the task lies in adapting the spatiotemporal scale to the database. The third concerns the user s ability to run the SSMAE in the scenario space. 

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Table 6.14. Estimates of heavy metal flows to and from the atmosphere. From Kondratyev et al. (2002b).

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