Esters, reaction with

The primary and secondary alcohol functionahties have different reactivities, as exemplified by the slower reaction rate for secondary hydroxyls in the formation of esters from acids and alcohols (8). 1,2-Propylene glycol undergoes most of the typical alcohol reactions, such as reaction with a free acid, acyl hahde, or acid anhydride to form an ester reaction with alkaU metal hydroxide to form metal salts and reaction with aldehydes or ketones to form acetals and ketals (9,10). The most important commercial appHcation of propylene glycol is in the manufacture of polyesters by reaction with a dibasic or polybasic acid. 

Sulfated Acids, Amides, and Esters. Reaction with sulfuric acid may be carried out on fatty acids, alkanolamides, and short-chain esters of fatty acids. The disodium salt of sulfated oleic acid is a textile additive and an effective lime soap dispersant. A typical sulfated alkanolamide stmcture is CiiH23C0NHCH2CH20S03Na. Others include the sulfates of mono and diethanolamides of fatty acids in the detergent range. The presence of... 

IsoxazoIidine-3,3-dicarboxylic acid, 2-methoxy-dimethyl ester reaction with bases, 6, 47 Isoxazolidine-3,5-diones synthesis, 6, 112, 113 Isoxazoli dines conformation, 6, 10 3,5-disubstituted synthesis, 6, 109 oxidation, 6, 45-46 PE spectra, 6, 5 photolysis, 6, 46 pyrolysis, 6, 46 reactions, 6, 45-47 with acetone, 6, 47 with bases, 6, 47 reduction, 6, 45 ring fission, S, 80 spectroscopy, 6, 6 synthesis, 6, 3, 108-112 thermochemistry, 6, 10 Isoxazolidin-3-ol synthesis, 6, 111 Isoxazolidin-5-oI synthesis, 6, 111... 

Reaction with water to yield a carboxylic acid Reaction with an alcohol to yield an ester Reaction with ammonia or an amine to yield an amide Reaction with a hydride reducing agent to yield an aldehyde or an alcohol... 

Thiol protection, 59, 190 Thiono esters, reaction with ethyl isocyanoacetate, 59,187 Thionyl chloride, 55, 27 Thiophenol, 55, 122 58, 144 Thorium dodecanedioate, 56,110 Toluene, 56, 86 58,125 p-Toluenesulfonates, reaction with organo-cuprates, 55,112 p-Toluenesulfonic acid, 58, 57, 63 p-Toluenesulfonic acid, monohydrate, 56,44... 

Phosphonofluoridate, methyl-, isopropyl ester, reaction with cyclohexaamylose, 23 237 Phosphoramidon, as inhibitor, 28 330,331 Phosphorescence spectra, transition-metal oxides, 31 121... 

Diazoacetic esters, reactions with alkenes, alkynes, heterocyclic and aromatic compounds, 18, 3 26, 2 a-Diazocarbonyl compounds, insertion and addition reactions, 26, 2 Diazomethane ... 

Orthoformic esters, reaction with hexafluoroac-etone, 30 272... 

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