Espoused attitudes

What we find therefore is that the idea of a safety cnlture is somewhat broad and arguably poorly defined (Guldetummd 2000, see also Chapter 2). In various ways, these frameworks and models emphasise the importance of cognition and interpretation, i.e. how we perceive and make sense of safety norms and values, i.e. how we prioritise and show cormnitment to safety and behaviours and practice, i.e. how we respond to safety events by reporting or embracing new safety interventions. Interestingly, when we look at how safety cnlture has been operationalised in the form of safety surveys or safety tools we find an emphasis on espoused attitudes, beliefs and self-reported behaviours (Flin et al. 2000). 

Looking at the situated behaviours and practices of smgeons, rather than their espoused attitudes, further reveals the imderlying meanings and values attached to the imcertainty and complexity of surgical practice. In particular, we foimd surgeons often responded to potential risk or imcertainty in three shared and largely... 

Thus, the value the organization places on safety and health is demonstrated by the attitudes that not only the workers have, but also the attimdes that supervisors and managers hold related to safety and health issues. It is even more revealing of a positive safety and health culture when supervisors and managers in the same work environment are seen to be wearing protective eyewear. The behavior of management indicates that they do not view themselves above the values espoused by the company. 

Middle layer—Espoused values and attitudes regarding ... 

Member states of the European Community between 1975 and the end of the Cold War espoused a similar attitude they issued vague statements on the East Timorese right to self-determination, but pointed out that the matter was... 

---