Ergot pigments

Ergot pigments Claviceps purpurea Silica gel G Benzene-chloroform- UVace qualitative [122] ... 

Yosioka, L, T. Nakanishi, S. Izumi, and I. Kitagawa Structure of a Lichen Pigment Entothein and its Identity with Secalonic Acid A, a Major Ergot Pigment. Chem. Pharm. Bull. (Japan) 16, 2090 (1968). 

The latter indicate corn-cockle, vetch, ergot or mites coloured spots— usually red, violet or blue—justify suspicion of the presence of darnel, lathyrus, melampyrum, or other seeds the perisperms of which contain special pigments reacting with Vogl s add solution. 

Only a few substances are currently produced on an industrial scale from plant tissue and cell cultures Ergot alkaloids from the fungus Cluviceps purpureu in Japan two products are produced—the alkaloid berber-ine (for treatment of diarrhoea) from Coptis japonica (family Ranunculaceae) and the red pigment shikonin from Lithospermum... 

In sorghum ergot, Claviceps africana, the sclerotia were thought to be rounded, 3-5 mm in diameter, with reddish brown spots, until another population of this fungus specialized on Hyparrhenia spp. was discovered (D. Frederickson and S. Pazoutova, unpublished), whose sclerotia are cylindrical and brown to black, 2-4 mm in length, and 0.5-1 mm wide. Here, the sclerotium is shaped only by floral cavity, and even the color is influenced by the pigments supplied by the host. Sclerotia formed on sorghum cultivars with dark seeds are more... 

Artificially induced mutations have not yet yielded alkaloid-free plants. Ergots exposed to X-rays and ultraviolet radiation yielded some types which lacked pigment. Such leucosclerotia in general contained less alkaloid than the original forms (201, 232-235). Evans and Menendez (236) obtained Datura tatula L. D. stramonium L.) mutants in which the ratio of hyoscine to hyoscyamine was altered. Similar results have been reported by Mothes and associates (185) in which... 

H 4.74%, O 35.08%. Yellow pigment from ergot. Diastereoisomer or secalonjc acids, q.v. For isoln and structure see secalonic adds. 

Kobnhaxjseb and Pebpab [108 b] have attempted unsuccessfully the thin-layer chromatographic separation of pigments present in ergot drugs and alkaloid extracts. 

Ergot contains 1-2% of pigments (Lorenz, 1979 Schoch et ai, 1985). Violet, yellow-red and yellow pigments were isolated from various Claviceps species (ApSimon et j/., 1965 Franck etdf/., 1965a Kornhauser eta/., 1965 Perenyiet... 

Three individual anthraquinone yellow-red pigments have been isolated from ergot endokrocine, clavorubin and emodin-2-carboxylic acid—Figure 15— (Franck, 1960 Betina, 1988). 

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