Erectile dysfunction and

Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors are commonly prescribed for erectile dysfunction and include sildenafil, vardenafil,... 

From Rosen RQ Jackson C, Kostis JB. Erectile dysfunction and cardiac disease Recommendations of the Second Princeton Conference Curr Urol Rep 2006 7 490-496 and Kostis JB, Jackson C, Rosen R et al Sexual dysfunction and cardiac risk (the Second Princeton Consensus Conference). Am J Cardiol 2005 96 313-321. 

Very often, drugs are discovered through persistent work and continual optimization and many tests and trials. This is exemplified by the history behind the discovery of sildenafil (Viagra, Pfizer), a drug for the treatment of erectile dysfunction, and the AIDS drug zidovidine (Retrovir, GlaxoSmithKline) (Exhibits 3.18 and 3.19). 

Williams G, Abbou CC, Amar ET, Desvaux P, Flam TA, Lycklama a Nijeholt GA, Lynch SF, Morgan RJ, Muller SC, Porst H, Pryor JP, Ryan P, Witzsch UK, Hall MM, Place VA, Spivack AP, Todd LK, Gesundheit N. The effect of transurethral alprostadil on the quality of life of men with erectile dysfunction, and their partners. MUSE Study Group. Br J Urol 1998 82(6) 847-54. 

This book describes the efficacy of Shing Jing in male fertility and erectile dysfunction and compares its efficacy with those brought about by levodopa, amylnitrite, vitamin E, and sildenafil (Viagra). 

Solomon H, Man JW, Jackson G, Erectile dysfunction and the cardiovascular patient endothelial dysfunction is the common denominator. Heart 2003 89 251-254. 

Billups KL, Endothelial dysfunction as a common link between erectile dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. Sex Health Rep 2004 1 137-141. 

I I Jackson G, Erectile dysfunction and hypertension, Int J Clin Pract 2002 56 491-492. 

Kaiser DR, Billups K, Mason C, et al, Impaired brachial artery endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilation in men with erectile dysfunction and no other clinical cardiovascular disease, J Am Coll Cardiol 2004 43 (2) 179-1 84,... 

Bortolotti A, Parazzini F Colli E, et al. The epidemiology of erectile dysfunction and its risk factors. Int J Androl 1997 20 323-334. 

ElesberAA, Solomon H, Lennon RJ, etal. Coronary endothelial dysfunction is associated with erectile dysfunction and elevated asymmetric dimethylarginine in patients with early atherosclerosis. Eur HeartJ 2006 27 824-83 I. 

Thompson IM, Tangen CM, Goodman PJ, et al. Erectile dysfunction and subsequent cardiovascular disease. JAMA 2005 294 2996-3002. 

Fox KM, Thadani U, Ma PTS, et al. Sildenafil citrate does not reduce exercise tolerance in men with erectile dysfunction and chronic stable angina. Eur HeartJ 2003 24 2206-2212. 

Nicolosi A, Glasser DB, Moreira ED, et al. Prevalence of erectile dysfunction and associated factors among men without... 

Rosen RC, Fisher W, Eardley I, et al. The multinational men s attitudes of life events and sexuality (MALES) study prevalence of erectile dysfunction and related health concerns in the general population. Curr Med Res Opin 2004 20 607-617. 

Six months studies may be acceptable for indications of chronic conditions associated with short-term, intermittent drug exposure, such as bacterial infections, migraine, erectile dysfunction, and herpes. 

The adverse effects of thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics on male sexual function include reduced libido, erectile dysfunction, and difficulty in ejaculating. The exact incidence of sexual dysfunction in patients taking diuretics is poorly documented, perhaps because of the personal nature of the problem and the reluctance of patients and/or physicians to discuss it. However, these abnormalities have been reported with incidence rates of 3-32%. The true incidence of sexual dysfunction probably lies closer to the lower end of this range (119). In a meta-analysis of 13 randomized, placebo-controlled trials conducted over a mean of 4 years the NNH (number needed to harm) for erectile impotence with thiazide diuretics in hypertension was 20 and the relative risk was 5.0 (120). 

Kloner RA, Jarow JP. Erectile dysfunction and sildenafil citrate and cardiologists. Am J Cardiol 1999 83(4) 576-82. 

Erectile dysfunction and loss of libido have occasionally been attributed to thalidomide (83). 

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