Ephydatia fluviatilis

A freshwater sponge (Ephydatia fluviatilis) grew normally at a concentration of 0.65 pg Zn/L, but growth was reduced at lower concentrations tested (Francis and Harrison 1988). Daphnids (Daphnia pulex, Daphnia magna) reared for six brood cycles in zinc-free water showed reduced survival, inhibited reproduction, and cuticle damage (Keating and Caffrey 1989). Zinc is important... 

In more salty waters no aquatic mosses can be found, but some fresh water fungi (Ephydatia fluviatilis) live here. Whereas no molluscs live in the peat bogs, in the low-level bogs with a salt content up to 6% often Lymnaea stagnalis, a well-known inhabitant of fresh water can be present. 

Permanent adhesion to a solid base. Among the higher animals there are, for example, the larvae of Plecoptera or macroscopic Ephydatia fluviatilis. Stones, wood, tree branches, tufts of plants, etc. can sei-ve as the substrate. 

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