Enzyme replacement therapy applications

As illustrated above, utilization of the targeting function of carbohydrates has enabled efficient enzyme replacement therapy and its clinical application. Efforts are currently being made to develop new technology to ensure adequate amounts of enzymes and to enable the application of this kind of drug to the treatment of lysosome disease complicated by disorders of the central nervous system. 

Cyclodextrins have proven to be the most popular enzyme mimics, catalyzing various reactions. Cyclodextrin-based neoglycoenzymes with improved efficiency have also been designed and synthesized. Cyclodextrin-modified enzymes have potential application as biosensors as well as in the formulation of effective and biodegradable drug delivery systems for enzyme replacement therapy [84]. 

There are three basic approaches to enzyme (replacement) therapy, involving the direct administration of the enzyme, organ or tissue transplantation, and extracorporeal administration. The latter involves the use of extracorporeal shunts in which the insolubilized enzymes are encapsulated in inert microcapsules (Chang, 1977a) and this could have application to disorders where the substrate is readily diffusible and available in the circulation, although not so applicable to the acutely ill neonate. Organ and tissue... 

Probes at Replacement Therapy for Enzyme Deficiency Diseases - Reports on use of immunoglobulin-coated liposomes to introduce enzymes into certain cells iri vitro are promising probes at definitive treatment of deficiency diseases.61, 65 These approaches have potential application to other diseases in which novel methods of packaging must be designed to protect the therapeutic agent from the immune surveillance system and other systems expected to interfere with these and other replacement therapies for which the need is enormous. 

Immobilized enzymes found their most Important application In biochemical analysis and medicine (diagnostics, therapy). Immobilized enzymes can also be used for the production of certain compounds via blotrans-formatlon (e.g. malic acid, aspartic acid, alanine, etc.) In most cases they have been replaced by Immobilized cells. 

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