Enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent

ELISA enzyme-linked immunoabsorbant assay GTRAP glutamate transporter-associated protein... 

J. Rossier and H. Girault, Enzyme linked immunoabsorbent assay on a microchip with electrochemical detection, Lab on a Chip, 1 (2001) 153-157. 

A method that combines the specificity of an antibody with the catalytic power of an enzyme, a marriage between enzymology and immunology, is known as an enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA). To illustrate the method, measurement of the concentration of a hypothetical peptide X is described ... 

Enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assays (ELISA) or radioimmunoassays (RIA) have been utilized to measure amounts of PBAN-like-ir in various tissues of female moths (Iglesias et al., 1998 Ma et al., 1996 Marco et al., 1995, 1996 Rafaeli et al., 1991). Consistent with the in situ immunocytochemical evidence, the highest amounts of activity were found in the SEG and CC. Lower amounts of activity were found in the thoracic and abdominal ganglia including the TAG. Although some variations were observed in the amount of PBAN-like-ir through the photoperiod, in general PBAN levels were found not to vary much with age. Males were also shown to contain PBAN-like-ir that did not vary with the photoperiod. Several studies also demonstrated that PBAN-like-ir was present in... 

Mizukami IF, Faulkner NE, Gyetko MR, Sitrin RG, Todd RF, III. Enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay detection of a soluble form of urokinase plasminogen activator receptor in vivo. Blood 1995 86(1) 203-211. 

Figure 2-13. Principle of radioimmuno assay (RIA) and enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA). RIA and ELISA both depend on the highly specific interaction of an antibody with an antigen to determine, for example, the amount of antigen immobilised on a surface. In the example illustrated above, that is achieved by first binding a specific antibody to the surface-bound antigen, and then adding a second antibody which binds specifically to the first. For RIA, the second antibody is radioactively...

Enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assays (ELISAs) for VHP infections can be performed on samples inactivated by treatment with P-propiolactone. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests on samples following RNA extraction using chloroform and methanol can detect most of the VHP agents rapidly. RT-PCR is particularly useful when isolation of the virus is difficult or impractical, and was effective in detecting the agent causing HPS months before it was isolated in culture (48). 

Blood was collected from patients and clarified. Sera were stored at -80 °C. IgM and IgG titers to OSM or STn were evaluated in serum samples. These antigens were used as the target in solid phase enzyme-linked immunoabsorbant assays before and after treatment with Theratope as previously described 17). 

There are also chemical methods such as HPLC, the most widely used method after bioassays LC-MS the enzyme-inhibition assays such as protein phosphatase inhibition assays, an inexpensive technique [75,76] and the immunoassays (monoclonal antibodies to OA and DTX-1, and enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay). There are several commercial kits available, and the cytotoxicity assays obviate the morphological changes caused by the DSP toxin activity in various cell lines for example, human KB cells, salmon and rat hepatocytes, and cultured neurons. 

ELISAs (enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assays) are another common framework used for drug screening. An enzyme-linked-antibody takes the place of a ligand, whose receptor is bound to a plate or filter. The mixture of drug and enzyme-linked antibody is incubated in the well with the receptor. After a series of washes to remove unbound material, the substrate for the enzyme is added to the well. A common enzyme/substrate pair is alkaline phosphatase and pNPP ( -nitrophenyl phosphate), which results in a yellow color. Another... 

Immunoassays, including radioimmunoassays (RIA) and enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA), can be also used for the detection of saxi-toxins. Howevei the presence of cross-reactions with lower binding specificity and the lack of response of all toxins within the saxitoxin family limit the use of these systems. 

ELISA Enzyme linked immunoabsorbant assay HAG Hydroxyethyl methacrylate-alginate-gelatin... 

Concentrations in body fluids are traditionally measured by microbiological assay using Lactobacillus plantarum. If CoA is present, enzymatic hydrolysis is needed to liberate free pantothenic acid for the microbiological assay. Other assay methods reported include gas chromatography (after conversion to a volatile derivative), radioimmunoassay (RIA), or enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA). 

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