Environmental relevance, highly reactions

Co(II), Cd(II) and Sr(II) were selected as sorbates because they are either toxic or radioactive contaminants and their sorption behavior is representative of many other environmentally relevant divalent metal cations. In addition, the solutes vary with respect to their ionic size as shown in Table 7-1, and, as discussed previously, exhibit varying sorption behavior on oxide minerals. In addition, all of these metal ions have sufficiently high K-shell fluorescence energies that they can be studied using XAS in the presence of aluminum oxide and water. Relevant solution reactions and thermodynamic constants for calculating metal ion solution speciation and solubility are summarized in Table 7-4. 

The subject of alternative reaction media (neoteric solvents) also touches on another issue which is very relevant in the context of this book recovery and reuse of the catalyst. This is desirable from both an environmental and an economic viewpoint (many of the catalysts used in fine chemicals manufacture contain highly expensive noble metals and/or (chiral) ligands. 

VOCs react readily with nitrogen oxides especially imder favorable atmospheric conditions (intensive srmlight, high humidity, oxygenation, presence of transition metal species, etc.). To date, only few of the reactions are recognized, but the results of extensive studies focusing on the reactivity between NOa and the VOC parent compoimds in various biochemical systems are accessible and may be useful in solving environmental problems thus, the most relevant of these experiences are presented in this chapter. 

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