EniChem

Another way in which academic chemists keep in touch with industry is through consulting. During the years I consulted at different times for Exxon, Chevron, Cyanamid, ENICHEM (Italy), and Pechiney-Kuhlman (Erance, when a friend, Lucien Sobel, was a research director). I enjoyed these contacts, because they kept me aware of current industrial developments and interests. At the same time, it was also rewarding to be able to suggest to my industrial friends new approaches and directions that on occasion were useful and resulted in practical applications. 

Alternative technology for modifying a poly(aLkylene terephthalate) by incorporation of a phosphinate stmcture has been developed by Enichem. Phosphinate units of the stmcture —P(CgH5) (0)CH20— are introduced into a polyester such as PET or PBT by transesterification with an oligomer comprised of the aforementioned units (136). 

The chemical industry manufactures a large number of antioxidants (qv) as well as uv stabilizers and their mixtures with other additives used to facilitate resin processing. These companies include American Cyanamid, BASE, Ciba—Geigy, Eastman Chemical, Elf Atochem, Enichem, General Electric, Hoechst—Celanese, Sandoz, and Uniroyal, among others. The combined market for these products in the United States exceeded 900 million in 1994 and will reach 1 billion in the year 2000. 

A few companies, eg, Enichem in Italy, Mitsubishi in Japan, and a plant under constmction at Eushun in China, separate the olefins from the paraffins to recover high purity (95—96%) linear internal olefins (LIO) for use in the production of oxo-alcohols and, in one case, in the production of polylinear internal olefins (PIO) for use in synthetic lubricants (syn lubes). In contrast, the UOP Olex process is used for the separation of olefins from paraffins in the Hquid phase over a wide carbon range. 

The 0x0 process is employed to produce higher alcohols from linear and branched higher olefins. Using a catalyst that is highly selective for hydroformylation of linear olefins at the terminal carbon atom. Shell converts olefins from the Shell higher olefin process (SHOP) to alcohols. This results in a product that is up to 75—85% linear when a linear feedstock is employed. Other 0x0 processes, such as those employed by ICI, Exxon, and BASE (all in Europe), produce oxo-alcohols from a-olefin feedstocks such alcohols have a linearity of about 60%. Enichem, on the other hand, produces... 

The DADC monomer is available from several manufacturers, such as PPG Industries (CR-39 ), Akzo (Nouryset 200), Enichem (RAV) Rhone-Poulenc (XR-80), Tokuyama Soda (TS-16), and Mitsui Toatsu (MR-3). 

Enichem Europe Europene cis, Neocis earth Ti—Z-N, Nd—rare earth... 

Enichem and DuPont ate two suppHers of acryHc elastomers. It is estimated there ate - 9000 t/yr of these elastomers used in the United States. The principal uses of acryHc elastomers ate in automotive appHcations requiring both oil and heat resistance. These include transmission, valve stem, crankshaft, pinion, and odpan gaskets and seals. In addition hose, tubing, toUs, and belts ate made from acryHc polymers. 

Argus Chemical Corp. CIBA-GEIGY Corp. Enichem Synthesis Hoechst Celanese Corp. Uniroyal Chemical Sando2 Color and Chemicals Inc. 

Oxamide is produced commercially by Ube Industries, Ltd. (Japan) and a pilot process is being operated by Enichem (Italy). It is not produced domestically as a commercial fertilizer, although it was the subject of much research and development activity by the Tennessee Valley Authority s (TVA) National Fertilizer Research and Development Center. It is made in small quantities for industrial use by AUied Chemical, Hummel Chemical Co., and United Guardian, Inc. Oxamide has appHcation as a controlled release nitrogen source for the turf and specialty agricultural markets. 

EniChem Elastomeri Europrene AR Cyanacryl Ravenna (Italy) 2000... 

Bo22etto EniChem Synxhesys yirax B18 MBSO TechnicalBu//etin,]an. 1986. 

EniChem Elastomeri, EuropreneAK Acrylic Elastomers, technical bulletin, Milano, Italy, 1988. 

EniChem Elastomeri, Material Safety Data, Cyanacryl E. (MSDS 1030), Milano, Italy, Mar. 1992. 

Phenol eompounds are vital ingredients of proeesses that ultimately lead to the produetion of nylon, aspirin, and polyearbonate. EniChem SpA is one of the world s leading produeers of phenol. When the eompany was looking to boost phenol produetion at its plant in Mantova, Italy, they deeided to reeover the energy being used in their proeess. 

EniChem has been produeing this eaustie ehemieal eompound at Mantova sinee the plant opened in the 1960s. Initially, the total annual output was approximately 10,000 tons. This output figure inereased rapidly and, in 1987, a eombined eentrifugal eompressor and expander were installed to boost produetion from about 230,000 to 270,000 tpy. Operating at a flowrate of 23,000 kg/hr (50,715 Ib/hr), the three-stage eompressor raises air pressure from 1 bar (14.5 psia) to 9.5 bar (137.8 psia) and is used to feed the reaetor in the phenol produetion plant. 

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