Energy-Linked Functions of Mitochondria Other Than ATP Synthesis

Energy-Linked Functions of Mitochondria Other Than ATP Synthesis 

The energy derived from the respiratory chain, although primarily coupled to the formation of ATP, is also utilized for purposes such as heat production, ion transport, and the transhydrogenase reaction. 

Neutral amino acids Neutral amino acids 

Acyl carnitine, carnitine Acyl carnitine carnitine 

Translocation systems of the inner mitochondrial membrane are listed in Table 14-5. Anion translocators are responsible for electroneutral movement of dicarboxylates, tricarboxylates, a-ketoglutarate, glutamate, pyruvate, and inorganic phosphate. Specific electrogenic translocator systems exchange ATP for ADP, and glutamate for aspartate, across the membrane. The metabolic function of the translocators is to provide appropriate substrates (e.g., pyruvate and fatty acids) for mitochondrial oxidation that is coupled to ATP synthesis from ADP and Pj. 

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