Energy balances fundamentals

During this period of intensive development of unit operations, other classical tools of chemical engineering analysis were introduced or were extensively developed. These included studies of the material and energy balance of processes and fundamental thermodynamic studies of multicomponent systems. 

Thermod5mamics is a fundamental engineering science that has many applications to chemical reactor design. Here we give a summary of two important topics determination of heat capacities and heats of reaction for inclusion in energy balances, and determination of free energies of reaction to calculate equihbrium compositions and to aid in the determination of reverse reaction... 

In this chapter the fundamentals of energy balances are reviewed briefly, and examples given to illustrate the use of energy balances in process design. The methods used for energy recovery and conservation are also discussed. 

Having discussed the way in which changes to the basic stream data can improve targets, an even more fundamental question now needs to be addressed. Before any heat integration analysis can be carried out, the basic stream data needs to be extracted from the material and energy balance. In some cases, the representation of the stream data from the material and energy balance is straightforward. However, there are a number of pitfalls that can lead to... 

The bread and butter tools of the practicing chemical engineer are the material balance and the energy balance. In many respects chemical reactor design can be regarded as a straightforward application of these fundamental principles. This section indicates in general terms how these principles are applied to the various types of idealized reactor models. 

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