Endocrine disruptors expression

Veldhoen, N., and Helbing, C.C., Detection of environmental endocrine-disruptor effects on gene expression in live Rana catesbeiana tadpoles using a tail fin biopsy technique, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 20, 2704, 2001. 

Davey JC, Bodwell JE, Goose JA, Hamilton JW. Arsenic as an endocrine disruptor Effects of arsenic on estrogen receptor-mediated gene expression in vivo and in cell culture. Toxicol Sci 2007 98(l) 75-86. 

Endocrine disruptors are exogenous chemicals (for example, PCBs) that enter the body and act like hormones. They can dismpt physiology, sometimes with devastating consequences. Startling evidence from animal studies shows that male fish in detergent-contaminated water express female characteristics, turtles are sex-reversed by PCBs, male frogs exposed to a common herbicide form multiple ovaries, pseudohermaphroditic offspring are produced by polar bears found in contaminated waters, and seals in contaminated water have an excess of uterine fibroids.46... 

Lopez-Espinosa MJ, Freire C, Arrebola JP et al (2009) Nonylphenol and octylphenol in adipose tissue of women in Southern Spain. Chemosphere 76(6) 847-852 Loyo-Rosales JE, Rosales-Rivera GC, Lynch AM et al (2004) Migration of nonylphenol from plastic containers to water and a milk surrogate. J Agric Food Chem 52(7) 2016-2020 Masuo Y, Ishido M, Morita M et al (2004a) Effects of neonatal treatment with 6-hydroxydopamine and endocrine disruptors on motor activity and gene expression in rats. Neurai Plast ll(l-2) 59-76... 

H. S. Taylor, Endocrine disruptors affect developmental programming of HOX gene expression, Fertil. Steril, 2008, 89(Supplement 2), e57-58. 

Dental amalgam, consisting of mercury alloyed with another element, is still approved for use in most countries, but conflicting views have been expressed over the use of mercury as filling material. Some dentists are still recommending the use of dental amalgam with mercury because of its durability, ease of use, and low cost compared to resin composites (for which concerns have been raised due to the presence of plastic chemicals such as Bisphenol A, well known for its endocrine disruptor effects) and dental porcelain. However, it is believed that leaching of mercury into the mouth and consequential health effects related to mercury toxicity (such as risk of impairment in the central nervous system function, kidney function, immune system, and fetal development) are associated with mercury exposure. 

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