Encephalitis, subacute AIDS

Kure K, Lyman WD, Weidenheim KM, Dickson DW (1990a) Cellular localization of an HlV-1 antigen in subacute AIDS encephalitis using an improved double-labeling immunohistochemi-cal method. Am J Pathol 136(5) 1085-1092... 

Subacute AIDS encephalitis (K3) was detected in adult and pediatric brains. Immunocytochemical analysis of adult and pediatric brains revealed gp 41 im-munoreactivity (78% and 40% respectively). Virtually all adult brains with SAE had gp 41 immunoreactivity in macrophages and microglia. Spinal cords with vacuolar myelopathy or corticospinal tract degeneration had only rare gp 41 positive cells. Brains of aborted fetuses from HIV-1 seropositive women were negative for gp 41 immunocreactivity, but some were positive for HIV-1 by polymerase chain reaction. 

Kure, K., Weidenheim, K. M., Lyman, W. D., and Dickson, D. W. (1990). Morphology and distribution of HlV-1 gp41-positive microglia in subacute AIDS encephalitis. Pattern of involvement resembling a multisystem degeneration. Acta. Neuropathol. (Berl) 80, 393 00. 

According to the CDC, the diagnosis of AIDS constitutes certain opportunistic infections, neoplasms, encephalopathy or wasting syndrome in the presence of HIV infection. In 1993, the CDC expanded the criteria to also include CD4+ T-cell count below 200 cells/p,l in the presence of HIV infection. The most common opportunistic infections includepneumocystis carinii pneumonia, pneumonitis, toxoplasmosis, mycobacterial disease, recurrent herpes simplex virus infection and/or cytomegalovirus infection. Kaposi s sarcoma is the most common form of cancer. HIV-related nervous system diseases include acute septic meningitis, AIDS dementia complex, subacute encephalitis, HIV encephalopathy and CNS opportunistic infections and neoplasm. 

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