Empirical dependence of pH on atmospheric pressure

Carbon exchange processes in the atmosphere-ocean system 171 

According to Bjorkstrom (1979), the functional dependence of pc on parameters of the ocean carbonate system can be presented in the form pc = [CO2]/A0. From the condition of chemical equilibrium, according to (3.4) and (3.5), it follows that 

The right-hand sides of Equations (3.3) and (3.11) imply consideration has been given of all the weak acids in saltwater. The ions of other compounds are taken into account through the dependence of equilibrium constants on salinity or chlorine content. The characteristic parameter of equilibrium in the carbonate system is a variable  

Since W(X) -C A, to solve Equation (3.14) the following iterative procedure can be used, beginning with an estimation of X = X (= 1)  

The exchange processes taking place at the atmosphere-ocean border were experimentally studied by Kiseleva (1990) and Zaitsev (1988), among others. They showed that at high wind speeds the rate of gas exchange sharply increases. This is connected with the mechanism of foam formation on wave crests as well as the intense activity of air bubbles being trapped and held beneath the water surface. The dependence of the amount of spray Q on height over the water surface can be approximated well by a linear function. For instance, at a wind speed of V = 11.1 m/s this approximation is (Kiseleva, 1990)  

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Table 3.5. Empirical dependence of pH on atmospheric pressure. From Ivanov (1978).

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