Elongation adiabatic

The collision of elongated bubbles has been studied by Revellin et al. (2008) along adiabatic glass micro-channels of 509 and 709 pm internal diameters for refrigerant R-134a. A model for the collision of elongated bubbles in micro-channels was proposed to predict the bubble length distribution at the exit of the microevaporator. 

Finally, we turn from solutions to the bulk state of amorphous polymers, specifically the thermoelastic properties of the rubbery state. The contrasting behavior of rubber, as compared with other solids, such as the temperature decrease upon adiabatic extension, the contraction upon heating under load, and the positive temperature coefficient of stress under constant elongation, had been observed in the nineteenth century by Gough and Joule. The latter was able to interpret these experiments in terms of the second law of thermodynamics, which revealed the connection between the different phenomena observed. One could conclude the primary effect to be a reduction of entropy... 

Figure 71 Adiabatic potential energy surface for a pseudo Jahn-Teller trans and cis CuL4X2 chromophore equivalent and near-equivalent wells (a) elongated (D, and C2) (b) compressed ( >4A and C2) and (c) and (d) nonequivalent...

In the present case, the radius of circles is Af = 0.005 (expressed in fraction unit), that is 0.016 A° in the absolute value. The cooperative nuclear motion, i.e. nuclear microcirculations , induces dynamic - cooperative formation of shortened and elongated in-plane B-B bond distances on the lattice scale, with a dynamic formation of increased and decreased interatomic charge densities - see Fig 9a-e, i.e. dynamic formation of non-adiabatic bipolarons. 

Co- or counter-rotating and elongation rates and adiabatic T-gradient were computed for the conveying and kneading sections. A 3D modeling of flow in fuU conveying screw elements of either a CORI Kajiwara et al. 1996... 

Much of the work done in recent years on polymer mechanochemistry has made use of the high elongational strain rates observed around collapsing cavitation bubbles in sonicated solutions, as outlined in the section on mechanoluminescence [27]. In addition to the distinctive features of sonochemically-induced mechanical reactivity described above, further attention needs to be paid to the sonication conditions in the case of mechanochemical catalysis, because catalyst lifetime and turnover number are reduced by sonochemical byproducts. Implosion of cavitation bubbles is essentially an adiabatic process which leads to formation of local hotspots within the bubble in which temperature and pressure increases drastically. The content of cavitation bubbles pyrolyses under these extreme conditions and results in formation of reactive species, such as radicals and persistent secondary byproducts acidic byproducts may also form from the degradation of the substrates [75]. Chemical impurities deactivate the reactive catalyst partially if not completely. Recent studies in our group have shown that heat capacity of gas... 

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