Elephants Fly

FIGURE 18.8 A schematic of Dole s original electrospray nozzle. (Reproduced from Fenn, J.B., J. Biomol. Tech., 13, 101, 2002. With permission of the Association of Biomolecular Resource Facilities.) 

FIGURE 18.9 John Bennet Fenn (1917-2010) was an American scientist who shared the 2002 Nobel Prize in chemistry for his work in developing electrospray mass spectrometry. A professor of chemistry at Virginia Commonwealth University at the time of his Nobel award, he has been on the faculty at Yale University and Princeton University. 

FIGURE 18.12 ESI-MS spectra for medium molecular weight peptides but well beyond the nominal capabiUty of a quadrupole mass analyzer if z = 1. This is made possible by the careful design of the electrospray nozzle and the attached H ions which brings the im/z ) ration into range of the quadrupole mass analyzer. (Reproduced from Perm, J.B., J. Biomol. Tech., 13, 101, 2002. With permission of the Association of Biomolecular Resource Facilities.) 

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Of course, the definition might not be very useful we could also define the ears of an elephant to be wings, but this would not make elephants fly. What makes this definition interesting is a very simple extension. He also argued that the orbit of an electron around a proton would only be stable if its circumference lit R were an integral number of wavelengths. Thus... 

Measuring the Masses of Large Molecules or Making Elephants Fly. 

Nature is full of drugs. Even animals use and abuse drugs. For example, birds eat certain kinds of berries that ferment on the tree, literally getting drunk on them until they can barely stagger, let alone fly. Elephants have been known to seek out piles of grain fermenting in the fields and even learn to break into enclosures where such grain is stored. Made rowdy by the effects of the alcohol, the elephants can be a serious or even deadly nuisance. 

One researcher involved in this project likened this method to an elephant on top of a tall building The elephant must fly if the building suddenly turns into fine grains of sand. ... 

Poaching is not the only threat to the rhino loss of habitat also plays a large role. Ironically, the conservation of elephants in Africa has exacerbated the problem for the black rhino as they live in forests and scrubland, and elephants, confined to certain areas for their own protection, are felling the trees which made up the black rhino s habitat. Mankind is also to blame for clearing these areas in an effort to eradicate the tsetse fly which can infect domestic animals. In some countries, civil unrest has also caused conservation programmes to be abandoned. 

Don t suppose that the females always do all the work both male and female olive flies produce pheromones that attract the other sex. The remarkable thing is that one mirror image of the molecule attracts the males while the other attracts the females Mirror image isomers of a molecule called frontalin are also emitted by male elephants female elephants can tell the age and appeal of a potential mate from the amormt of each isomer he produces. 

Flying start elephant released into yard... 

It is true that the whole of the Is AO of Li overlaps with the Is AO of H however only a very small fraction of the Is AO of H overlaps with that of Li. The net overlap S is effectively a product of the fractions of each AO in the overlap region while that for Li is unity, that for H is very small. A good analogy is provided by a fly sitting on an elephant though the whole of the fly overlaps the elephant, only a tiny fraction of the elephant overlaps the fly. 

Professor Mark Orazem compares the complexity of testing batteries with the tale in which blind men tonch an elephant to learn what it is like. Each one feels a different part, then compares notes, only to disagree at the end. Even for a sighted man, battery diagnostics is complex because no single measurement can quantify the state of health of a battery on the fly. 

Perhaps we ought to listen to your next sentence If one person has stolen another s property, this should also be counted a misdeed. Here even you are embarrassed you are ashamed to say that he has sinned in the same way instead you say should be counted a misdeed . But the question is not whether it should be counted a misdeed, but whether this misdeed is linked by equality to that one. If both are equal because they are both misdeeds, then mice and elephants are equal because they are both animals, and flies and eagles, because they both fly ... 

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