Elementary reaction in the liquid phase

In the liquid phase, species involved in the elementary step ean be neutral molecules or other ions. In comparison with reactions occmring in the perfeet gas, which we studied in Chapter 10, the fundamental differenee is due to the involvement of interaction energy between molecules, moleeules and ions and between ions, therefore modifying of the potential energy of every atom (or ion). 

For reactions in solution, although we sense the influence of the solvent on the reaction rate, this influence does not appear to be caused by a possible deaetivation from collision with solvent molecules because a similar number of collisions are able to activate molecules. 

Reaction in solution will actually involve at least three steps that may be elementary  

Diffusion in a liqnid can be treated as an elementaiy process requiring a specific activation energy, bnt the magnitude of this eneigy (close to 20kJ/mor ) is two to five times lower than the level involved in the chemical act and therefore this chemical step is often much slower. Alongside the rate-determining modes of diffusion or interface reaction, in mai cases we encounter mixed pseudo-steady modes that are treated classically. 

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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ ]

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