Electroreduction of dioxygen

Demarconnay L, Coutanceau C, Leger JM. 2004. Electroreduction of dioxygen (ORR) in alkaline medium on Ag/C and F t/C nanostractured catalysts-effect of the presence of methanol. Electrochim Acta 49 4513-4521. 

Anson FC, Shi C, Steiger B. 1997. Novel multinuclear catalysts for the electroreduction of dioxygen directly to water. Acc Chem Res 30 437. 

Liu HY, Abdalmuhdi I, Chang CK, Anson FC. 1985. Catalysis of the electroreduction of dioxygen and hydrogen peroxide by an anthracene-linked dimeric cobalt porphyrin. J Phys Chem 89 665. 

Ricard D, Didier A, L Her M, Boitiel B. 2001. Application of 3-quinohnoyl picket porphyrins to the electroreduction of dioxygen to water Mimicking the active site of c3ftochrome c oxidase. ChemBioChem 2 144. 

YuasaM, Nishfliara R, Shi C, Anson EC. 2001. A comparison of several meso-tetraalkyl cobalt porphyrins as catalysts for the electroreduction of dioxygen. Pol) Adv Technol 12 266. 

The use of the Co(I) porphyrin for the homogeneous electroreduction of dioxygen in DMF-BU4NC104-(C) system in the presence of benzoic anhydride has been developed [401]. The reduction of [(TMpyP)Co(II)]" + (where TMpyP = m o-tetrakis (1 -methylpyridinium-4-yl)... 

The use of a heterogeneous system under nitrogen consisting of a stirred suspension of silica gel with adsorbed ferric-catechol complex in benzene treated with 35% hydrogen peroxide has been reported to result after 2.5 hours in a 60% yield of phenol (ref. 14). The formation of phenol in 56% yield resulted from a mixture of benzene and vanadium(V) catalyst in acetonitrile under nitrogen when reacted for 2 hours at ambient temperature (ref. 15). More recent studies have involved the conversion of benzene in trifluoromethanesulphonic acid to phenol by the electroreduction of dioxygen (ref. 16) and from generation... 

Ramirez, G., E. Trollund, M. Isaacs, J. Zagal, J.C. Costamagna, and M.J. Aguirre (2002). Electroreduction of dioxygen on poly-fetetraaminophthalocyanine modified electrodes. Electrvanalysis 14, 540-545. 

Ni, C.L. and F.C. Anson (1984). Relation between the potentials where adsorbed and unadsorbed cobalt(in) tetrakis(iV-methylpyridinium-4-yl)porphyrin is reduced and those where it catalyzes the electroreduction of dioxygen. Inorg. Chem. 24, 4754-4756. 

El Mouahid, O., A. Rakotondrainibe, P. Crouigneau, J.M. Leger, and C. Lamy (1998). A UV-visible study of the electropolymerization of CoTAPP at vitreous carbon and investigation of its catalytic activity towards the electroreduction of dioxygen. J. Electroanal. Chem. 455, 209-222. 

Finally, it is worth mentimiing that one of the advantages of MN4 macrocyclics over Pt catalysts is their tolerance to methanol crossover [14], which is a serious problem in methanol-air fuel cells [83]. For example, L%er et al. have shown that FePc is highly tolerant to methanol [182]. The same is true for CoPc [183]. When methanol crossover fi-om the anode through the electrolytic membrane to the cathode occurs, electroreduction of dioxygen and electrooxidation of methanol occur simultaneously, which is detrimental to the overall performance of the fuel cell since the fuel efficiency decreases and so does the power output. In general MN4 macrocyclics are poor catalysts for the oxidation of meflianol so this reaction should not occur and this would avoid the problems mentioned above. 

Islam MM, Ohsaka T (2008) Roles of ion pairing on electroreduction of dioxygen in imidazolium-cation-based room-temperature ionic liquid. J Phys Chem C 112(4) 1269-1275... 

Gewirth A A, Thorum MS (2010) Electroreduction of dioxygen for fuel-cell applications materials and challenges. Inorg Chem 49 3557-3566... 

Lima, B. Ticianelli, A. (2004). Oxygen Electrocatalysis on Ultra-thin Porous Coating Rotating Ring/Disk Platinum and Platinum-Cobalt Electrodes in Alkaline Media. Electrochimica Acta, Vol.49, No.24, (September 2004), pp. 4091-4099, ISSN 00134686 Kotz, R Yeager, E. (1980). Raman Studies of the Silver/Silver Oxide Electrode. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Vol.lll, No.l, (July 1980), pp. 105-110, ISSN 00220728 Demarcormay, L., Coutanceau, C. Leger, M. (2004). Electroreduction of Dioxygen (ORR) in Alkaline Medium on Ag/C and Pt/C Nanostructured Catalysts - Effect of the Presence of Methanol. Electrochimica Acta, Vol.49, No.25, (October 2004), pp. 4513-4521, ISSN 00134686... 

Table 2. Peak Potentials for Electroreduction of Dioxygen (O2 Saturated Solution of 0.5 M H2SO4 or 1 M NaOH) on Various Metalloporphyrin Films... 

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