Electropolymerization charge density

IfiEg quadrupole splitting Ge electropolymerization charge density... 

Fig. 27 Crystal admittance spectra as a function of charge density, acquired dynamically during potentiodynamic electropolymerization of a poly(3-hexylthiophene) film. Solution 3.7 mmol dm ...

Teixidor et al. [49] synthesized self-doped polypyrrole by using the nonconventional covalently bound low charge density anion [3,3 -Co(1,2-C2B9Hio)2] to a pyrrole unit via a spacer diether aliphatic chain. The electropolymerization of the potassium salt of the monomer, denoted as [1] , (Figure 5.7) was obtained in dry acetonitrile with tetrabutyl ammonium chloride in the potential range of —0.5 to 1.7V vs Ag/AgCl. Similarly a copolymer of [1] was prepared with pyrrole monomer (ratio 1 1) under identical conditions. The conductivity of poly[l] and copolymer films measured using a four-point probe... 

Choice of electropolymerization method. Usually the galvanostatic method is the first choice with a current density of I to 5 mA/cm. The total charge is usually 100 to 200 mC/cm. During the first electropolymerization the cell contents are closely observed in order to see color changes in solution close to the electrode surface. This means the presence of soluble oligomers. After polymerization the surface of the electrode should be visibly covered with the polymer layer. 

Electropolymerization Zhang and coworkers [60] studied the electropolymerization behavior of pyrrole in water-in-[bmim][PFJ, bicontinuous, [bmim][PFJ-in-water microemulsions. It was shown that the water-in-[bmim][PFJ microemulsion was the optimal medium and its polymerization rate was the fastest. The resultant films electrodeposited in water-in-[bmim][PFJ microemulsion possessed excellent electrochemical activity and uniform morphology. He and coworkers [61] prepared PANI by cyclic voltammetry in [bmim][PFJ-in-water microemulsion. The specific capacitance of the PANI film obtained by 50-cycle electropolymerization in [bmim][PFJ-in-water microemulsion is 334 Fg" at the charge-discharge current density of 2mAcm . ... 

A quite novel P(ANi) derivative, poly(2,2 -dithiodianiline), of postulated structure shown in Fig. 13-10. was synthesized recently by Naoi et al. [585]. This CP was obtained via electropolymerization of the monomer, 2,2 -dithiodianiline, with the S-S bond preserved after polymerization. Tests of Li batteries incorporating this CP appeared to show enhanced charge capacity and energy density. The authors claimed that during reduction, the -S-S- linkages were broken, yielding -S. .. S- units, but that this process was reversible. 

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