Electrophoresis since

Separation with capillary gel electrophoresis is based on the mechanism of size exclusion. Therefore, GCE is directly comparable to traditional slab or tube gel electrophoresis, since the separation mechanisms are identical. 

Important Cool the whole polyacrylamide gel during electrophoresis, since most of the electric power produces Coulomb heat resulting in "smiling" bands. 

Considerable detail about the photolysis of cytidylic acid has been reported by Johns et al.62 The photoproducts, Cp f and Up, were separated from Cp by rapid electrophoresis. Since Cp labeled with 32P was used, the separated substances could be located on the dried paper by autoradiography, the spots cut out, and the eluted products assayed by 32P counting. The formation of products was described in terms of the mechanism in Chart 2. 

It is not so long ago that the only known chlorophyll-proteins were CPI (P700 Chla-Pl) and CPU (LHCII). As electrophoretic techniques have improved, and conditions for thylakoid solubilisation become more gentle, an increasing proportion of the chlorophyll remains non-covalently attached to the chlorophyll-proteins resolved by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Since the function of many of the chlorophyll-... 

This heat must be dissipated by cooling, which can be done but only to a limited extent The ability to dissipate heat efficiently is usually the factor that limits the speed of electrophoresis, since excess heat leads to non-uniform electrophoresis and a decrease in resolution. The main reason for this is convection in matrix-free electrophoresis in solution, and the effect of temperature on viscosity and diffusion. High temperatures can also lead to denaturation of proteins and nucleic acids. The thinner the layer used for electrophoresis, the more readily is the heat dissipated, and the higher the voltages that can be used. The thickness of the layer will be a compromise between a desire to have a thin layer to minimise heat problems whilst maintaining sufficient capacity to ran samples that can be detected easily. Consis-... 

In solution, glycogens interact with certain proteins (for example, serum albumin and globulin, and myosin) to form complexes which may be examined by such physicochemical methods as ultracentrifugal analysis, nephelometry, ultraviolet spectrophotometry, and electrophoresis. Since glycogens have a higher affinity for myosin than < -dextrin (muscle... 

At such high-field strengths and applied voltages, it is reasonable to ask why redox processes are not important in electrophoresis, since electrochemical reactions are known to occur at applied voltages of <5 V. Figure 9.2 shows that the... 

Currently, the only practical way of accurately determining an MWD is via a separation technique. The most widely used methods include SEC, field flow fractionation (FFF), capillary hydrodynamic fractionation, and gel electrophoresis. Since knowledge of C M) furnishes the most complete description of a polymer distribution, there is intensive development and application of these techniques currently in progress. SEC is covered in great detail in Chapter 9. 

---