Electronegativity positive pole

The N-N bond is nonpolar. The N-O and the N=0 bonds are polar. Because oxygen is more electronegative than nitrogen, the nitrogen is acting as the positive pole. 1 point for correctly identifying N as the positive pole. 

Polarity is a familiar concept. Batteries have positive poles and negative poles. Magnets have north poles and south poles. When the electrons preferentially sit on one end of a molecule because that is where the electronegative elements are, the molecule has a positive pole and a negative pole thus, it has polarity. A molecule with a more positive end and a more negative end is said to have a dipole as it has two poles. ... 

Polar covalent bonds are called polar because the rmequal electron sharing creates two poles across the bond. Just as a car battery or a flashlight battery has separate positive and negative poles, so polar covalent bonds have poles, as shown in Figure 9.8. The negative pole is centered on the more electronegative atom in the bond. This atom has a share in an extra electron. The positive pole is centered on the less electronegative atom. This atom has lost a share in one of its electrons. Because there was... 

The bond electron pair will by average be located most of the time closest to the chlorine atom because of the larger electronegativity. Thus the chlorine atom in the molecule constitutes a negative pole while the hydrogen atom constitutes the positive pole. Dipole-dipole interactions among the molecules are sketched by the grey lines. 

In contrast, the bent water molecule is polar the two polar bonds do not cancel each other because the molecule is not symmetrical around a horizontal axis (Active Fig. 13.10[b]). The bonding electrons spend more time near the more electronegative oxygen atom, which is the negative pole. The positive pole is midway between the two hydrogen atoms. The molecule is said to be a net dipole. 

When unequal electronegativities of two atoms involved in a bond result in charge separation as just described, we say that the bond is polar. Hydrogen chloride has a polar bond. The charge separation results in a dipole, that is, a positive and a negative pole" in the molecule. The product of the amount of charge separation (e) times the distance of the charge separation (d) is called the dipole moment (p,). 

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