Electron spin resonance, applications

In an electron spin resonance spectrometer, transitions between the two states are brought about by the application of the quantum of energy hv which is equal to g H. The resonance condition is defined when hv = g H and this is achieved experimentally by varying H keeping the frequency (v) constant. Esr spectroscopy is used extensively in chemistry in the identification and elucidation of structures of radicals. 

Schwelger A 1991 Pulsed electron spin resonance spectroscopy basic principles, techniques, and examples of applications Angew. Chem. Int. Edn Engl. 30 265-92... 

J. E. Wertz and J. R. Bolton, Electron Spin Resonance Elementary Theory and Practical Applications, Chapman and Hall, New York, 1986. 

Rink WJ (1997) Electron spin resonance (ESR) dating and ESR applications in Qnatemary science and archaeometiy. Rad Meas 5-6 975-1025... 

A planar BLM cannot be investigated by means of the molecular spectroscopical methods because of the small amount of substance in an individual BLM. This disadvantage is removed for liposomes as they can form quite concentrated suspensions. For example, in the application of electron spin resonance (ESR) a spin-labelled phospholipid is incorporated into the liposome membrane this substance can be a phospholipid with, for example, a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidyl-A-oxide (TEMPO) group ... 

Application of Co(II) Electron Spin Resonance to the Study of B 12-Dependent Enzymes... 

Ingram, D. J. E. Biological and biochemical applications of electron spin resonance. London Adam Hilger 1969. 

Binder, C. R. "Electron Spin Resonance Its Application to the Study of Thermal and Natural Histories of Organic Sediments", Ph.D. Thesis, Pennsylvania State University, 1965,... 

The electron spin resonance spectrum of a free radical or coordination complex with one unpaired electron is the simplest of all forms of spectroscopy. The degeneracy of the electron spin states characterized by the quantum number, ms = 1/2, is lifted by the application of a magnetic field, and transitions between the spin levels are induced by radiation of the appropriate frequency (Figure 1.1). If unpaired electrons in radicals were indistinguishable from free electrons, the only information content of an ESR spectrum would be the integrated intensity, proportional to the radical concentration. Fortunately, an unpaired electron interacts with its environment, and the details of ESR spectra depend on the nature of those interactions. The arrow in Figure 1.1 shows the transitions induced by 0.315 cm-1 radiation. 

W. Gordy, Theory and Applications of Electron Spin Resonance, Wiley, New York, 1980. 

M. Ikeya, New Applications of Electron Spin Resonance ESR Dating, Dosimetry and Microscopy, World Scientific Publishing Co., London, 1993. 

C.J. Rhodes, Electron spin resonance (some applications for the biological and environmental sciences), Annu. Rep. Prog. Chem., Sec. C, 2004 100, 149. 

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