Electron microscopic methods

Element stmctures of chitincontaining sorbents are determined using standard methods. Behind the data of an element stmcture the contents of chitin in ChCS was calculated. The analysis of morphological frame of ChCS was conducted by a electron-microscopic method on a raster supermicroscope at increase from 500 up to 1000 times. For matching is samples ChCS were conducted IR reseai ch in the field of 400 - 4000 cm f... 

Kaye, An Electron Microscope Method for the Determination of the Particle Size Distribution and Particle Shape of Colloidal and Ball-Milled Lead Azide , PATR 2133 (1955) 25a) A.T. 

J du Plessis, LR Tiedt, AF Kotze, CJ van Wyk, C Ackerman. A transmission electron microscope method for determination of droplet size in parenteral fat emulsions using negative staining. Int J Pharm 46, 1988. 

Vuillet J. Correlative light and electron microscopic method for the visualization of the same in vitro cell using radioautography and serial sectioning, in Correlative Microscopy in Biology Instrumentation and Methods (Hayat MA, ed.), Academic Press, Orlando, FL, 1987, pp. 166-172. 

Easy-to-use and up-to-date, Methods in Plant Electron Microscopy and Cytochemistry offers today s plant scientists a firstdass collection of readily reproducible light and electron microscopical methods that will prove the new standard for all working in the field. 

Cutting-edge light and electron microscopical methods... 

DNA has been substituted in one strand.98 Since distances can be measured accurately on the electron micrographs, rather precise ( 50-100 bp) physical maps can be obtained. The chromosome map of phage K was mapped in this way initially now its complete nucleotide sequence is known. Another electron microscopic method is useful for location of AT-rich regions that denature readily. In a suitable concentration of formamide these regions melt to form visible single-stranded denaturation loops similar to the bubbles in Figure 26-6. 

Many attempts have been made to locate K-casein in the casein micelle by electron microscopic methods, but the chief problems have been a lack of sensitivity in some of the methods used and doubts about the reliability of the techniques of sample preparation in not altering micellar structure. 

Transmission Electron Microscopy. Films of all samples designated R were obtained by evaporation of toluene from solutions of the block copolymers and were observed without staining using a Hitachi Hu-125 or a JEOL JEM 100 S electron microscope. Methods of preparing the films have been described previously (24). So far, we have obtained evidence for microphase separation in only the four highest molecular-weight samples by TEM. We have not obtained continuous films of the lower molecular-weight samples we plan to examine sections of these samples later. Because of the very small compatibility of styrene and polydimethylsiloxane, however, we expect phase separation in all of these samples. 

The visual, metallographic and scanning electron microscopic methods of examination of a failed sample can be useful in the identification of the failure mode. Some features of the fracture surfaces that are likely to be present as a result of various failure modes are noted below ... 

Although membrane proteins are more difficult to purify and crystallize than are water-soluble proteins, researchers using x-ray crystallographic or electron microscopic methods have determined the three-dimensional structures of more than 20 such proteins at sufficiently high resolution to discern the molecular details. As noted in Chapter 3. the structures of membrane proteins differ from those of soluble proteins with regard to the distribution of hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups. We will consider the structures of three membrane proteins in some detail. 

Under the electron microscope the uranium complexes of the formazans of ozonized polysaccharides display a distinct shading effect, the polysaccharides showing a deep black color. On this basis it is to be hoped that a new electron microscopic method will soon be elaborated (6),... 

The study of cells. Implies the use of light or electron microscopic methods for the study of morphology. 

DiFiglia M, Carey J (1986) Large neurons in the primate neostriatum examined with the combined Golgi-electron microscopic method. J. Comp. Neurol, 244, 36-52. 

Because of the expected small dimensions of the oxidation products and of the oxide scale after short oxidation times it was necessary to use electron microscopic methods to characterize the samples after oxidation. Besides scanning electron microscopy (SEM) transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was mainly used to describe the morphology of the oxide scale and to identify the oxidation products by energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) as well as electron diffraction. A detailed description of the preparation of TEM cross-sections and of the experimental procedure is given in [12]. 

Spence, J. C. H. Wang, Z. L. (1991). Electron microscope methods for imaging internal magnetic fields at high spatial resolution. In Science and Technology of Nanostructured Magnetic Materials. Eds. G. C. Hadjipanayis and G. A. Prinz, NATO ASI Series B Physics Vol. 259. Plenum Press, London, pp. 279-300. 

---