Electrons definition

In view of current state of the art, namely, silicon-based technology, molecular electronics definitely exceed the expectations of a single product line. Going back, for instance, to 1960 silicon-based electronics were nearly exclusively considered as a simple replacement for the vacuum tube. However, it would have been myopic to limit the potential of silicon in that field of research. In fact, silicon constituted a technological platform, which evolved into the development of various products, most of them unfathomable at the time. Similarly, molecular electronics may be considered as a platform technology, rather than a single product line, which may give rise to many industrial products which are currently unforeseeable. 

Many compounds have been identified that comply with the "biology" aspect of the bioisostere concept but that do not fit the strict chemical (steric and electronic) definition of... 

The Electronic Definitions of Oxidation and Reduction. From these examples we see the justification for the modern usage of the words oxidation and reduction ... 

Some non-classical isosteres are reported in Table 15.5 and from a brief glance it can be noticed that they do not obey the steric and electronic definition of classical isosteres. A second notable characteristic of non-classical bioisosteres is that they do not have the same number of atoms as the substituent or moiety for which they are used as a replacement. 

Figure 7.13 Schematic of (a) an -type semiconductor and (b) a p-type semiconductor. The missing electron (definition of a hole) is formed when B is added to Si. With the input of energy an electron from the valence band is promoted into the site labeled electron hole, and a hole is created in the valence band.

Although silicon has available M-orbitals, and arsenic available 4d- and 4/-orbitals, these are higher in energy. The electronic definition would limit the term organometallic compound to those alkyls of Groups I to III and to any transition metal alkyl containing a carbon-metal bond. The common feature of these alkyls would be the availability of np-orbitals on the metal atom. 

We have here explicitly written the monomer wave functions, with a generic indication of their electronic definition is the starting wave function of A, already indicated... 

One significant conclusion of this interpretation is that the trap changes when occupied by an electron. The cavity itself may not change size but the solvent around the trapped electron definitely constricts more than the solvent elsewhere. 

The modern one-element theory of acids and bases is usually credited to Br0nsted and Lowry. They proposed the proton theory independently in 1923. But G. N. Lewis, who set forth his electronic definitions of acids and bases in the same year, also explained the proton-donor concept as a special case of his broader theory. According to the proton theory, an acid donates a proton to a base, and a base accepts a proton from an acid. The acid and base may be either compounds or ions, as shown in the following examples ... 

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